Agents And Their Effects Flashcards
Substances that cause wide anion gap
CAT MUD PILES
Cyanide, CO, Colchicine
Alcohol, Alc ketoacidosis, apap
Toulene
Methanol, Metformin
Uraemia
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Paraldehyde
INH, Iron
Lactic Acidosis
Ethylene glycol
Salicylates
Cholinergic or vagotonic agents that cause bradycardia or AV Block
DOP
Digtalis Glycosides
Organophosphates and carbamates
Physostigmine , neostigmine
Membrane Depressant Drugs that cause bradycardia or AV Block
QTEP
Propranolol
Encainide and Flecainide
Quinidine and other type la antiarythmics
TCA
Sympatholytics that cause bradycardia or AV block
CBO
Clonidine
Beta Blockers
Opioids
Misc drugs that cause bradycardia or av block
G-CLIP
Grayanotoxin (Mad Honey)
Calcium blocker, carbamazepine
Lithium
Ivabradine
Phenylpronaolamine and other alpha agonists
Toxins that cause QRS prolongation
Bupropion
Chloroquine and related agents
Cocaine (high dose)
Digitalis glycosides
Diphenhydramine (High Dose)
Encainide and Felcainide
Hyperkalemia
Lamotrigine
Phenothiazines
Propoxyphene
Propanolol
quinidine and other Ia anitarrythmics
TCA
Venlafaxine
Sympathomimetics that cause Tachycardia
Amphetamine and derivatives
Caffeine
Cocaine
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine
PCP
Theophylline
Anticholinergics that cause tachycardia
amanita muscaria mushrooms
Antihistamines
Atropine and other antichols
Phenothiazines
Plants
TCA
Other drugs that cause tachycardia
Ethanol, Sedative-hypnotics, or opioid withdrawl
Vasodilators
Thyroid hormone
Drugs that cause ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation
Aconitine
Amphetamines
Aromatic HCs/inhalants
Barium
Bupropion
Caffeine and theophylline
Chloral Hydrate
Chlorinated or fluorinated HC solvents
Cocaine
Digitalias
Fluoride/Hydrofluoric acid
Grayantoxin
Lamotrigine,
Phenothiazines
Theophylline
TCA
Drugs that can cause Torsades
Amiodarone
Arsenic
Bepridil
Cesium
Chloroquine
Chlorpromazine
Cipro, Clarithromycin, Cocaine
Disopyramide, Dofetilide, Donepezil, Droperidol
erythromycin, Escitalopram
Flecainide, Fluconazole
Haloperidol, Hydroxchloroquine
Ibutillide
Levofloxacin, loperamide
Metoclopramide, methadone, moxifloxacin
Ondansetron
Pentamidine, Pimozide, Propofol, Procainamide
Organophosphate insectcides
Quinidine
Sevoflurane
Sotalol
Thallium
Thioridazine
Sympatholytics that cause hypotension with relative bradycardia
Beta Blockers
Clonidine and Methyldopa
Opioids
Hypothermia
Opioids
Reserpine
Tetrahydrozoline and oxymetaxzoline
Membrane depressant drugs that cause hypotension
Bupropion
Encainide and flecainide
quininide, procainamide, disopyramide
propoxyphene
Proranolol
TCA
Misc drugs that cause hypotension
Barbiturates
Calcium Blockers
Cyanide
Fluoride
Hydrogen Sulfide
Organophosphates and carbamates
Sedative-hypnotics
Timicosin
Drugs that cause hypotension with tachycardia and fluid loss or third spacing
Amatoxin-containing mushrooms
Arsenic
Colchicine
Copper Sulfate
Corrosive/Caustic ingestion
Glyphosate/Surfactant herbicides
Hyperthermia
Iron
Paraquat/diquat
Rattlesnake envenomation
Sedative-hypnotics
Agents that cause hypotension through peripheral venous or arterial dilation
Alpha blockers
Beta agonists
Caffeine and theophylline
Calcium Blockers
Cyanide
Disulfiram
Ethanol
Hydralazine, hyperthermia
minoxidil
nitrites
Sodium Nitroprusside
Phosphides, Phenothiazines
Quetiapine
Scomrboid
TCA
Agents that cause hypertension with tachycardia
Amphetamines and derivatives
Cocaine
Epedrine and pseudoephedrine
Epinephrine
Levodopa, LSD
Marijuana
MAOI
Synthetic cathinones and cannabinoids
Agents that cause hypertension with bradycardia or AV block
Clonidine, Tetrahydrozoline, and oxymetazoline
Ergot derivatives
Methoxamine
Norepinephrine
Phenylephrine
Phenylpropanolamine
Anticholinergics that cause htn
Antihistamines
atropine and other antichols
TCA
Other agents that cause htn
Ethanol/sedative withdrawl
Nicotine (early stage)
Organophosphates (early stage)
Agents that cause Hypoxia Via Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
Beta Blockers
CCB
Stimulant Cardiomyopathy
Quinidine, Procainamide, Disopyramide
TCAs
Drugs that cause paralysis of ventilatory muscles
Botulism toxin
Neuromuscular blockers
Nicotine
Organophosphates and carbamates
Saxitoxin
Seizures
Snakebite
Strychnine and tetanus
Tetrodotoxin
Warfare nerve gases
Drugs/toxins that cause depression of central respiratory drive
Antihistamines
Barbiturates
Clonidine and sympatholytics
Ethanol and alcohols
GHb
Opioids
Phenothiazines and other antipsychotics
Sedatives hypnotics
Skeletal muscle relaxers
TCAs
Inert gases that cause Hypoxia
Carbon dioxide
Methane and Propane
Nitroge
Agents that cause Cellular Hypoxia
CO
Cyanide
Hydrogen Sulfide
Methemoglobinemia
Sulfhemoglobinemia
Agents that cause Hypoxia via Pneumonia or noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
Aspiration of gastric contents
Aspiration of hydrocarbons
Chlorine and other irritant gases
Cocaine
E-cigs/vaping
Ethylene glycol
Hydrogen Sulfide
Mercury Vapor
Metal Fumes
Nitrogen dioxide
Opioids
Paraquat
Phosgene
Salicylates
Sedative-hypnotic drugs
Smoke Inhalation
General CNS Depressants that cause COMA or stupor
Anticholingerics, Antihistamines, Antipsych
Baclofen, Barbiturates, Benzos
Carbamazepine
Ethanol and other alchols
GHB
Opioids
Sedative-Hypnotics
TCA and other antidep
Valproic ACid
Sympatholytics that cause COMA or Stupor
Clonidine, Tetrahydrozoline, and Oxymetazoline
Methyldopa
Misc drugs that cause coma or stupor
APAP (Massive Ing)
Bromide
Diquat, Disulfiram
Hypoglycemia
Ifosfamide
Lead, Lithium
NSAIDs
Phencyclidine
Salicylates
Agents that cause hypothermia
Barbiturates
Ethanol and other alchs
Hypoglycemic agents
Opioids
Phenothiazines
Sedative-Hypnotics
TCAs
Vasodilators
Agents that cause hyperthermia through excessive muscular hyperactivity, rigidity or seizures
Amoxapine
Amphetamines and derivatives (inc MDMA)
Cathinones (Bath salts)
Cocaine
Lithium
LSD
Maprotiline
MAO-I
PCP
TCA’s
Drugs that cause hyperthermia by increasing metabolic rate
Dinitrophenol and pentachlorophenol
Salicylates
Thyroid Hormone/Thyrotoxicosis
Drugs that cause hyperthermia by impaired heat dissipation or disrupted thermoregulation
Amoxapine
Anticholinergics
Antihistamines
Phenothiazines and other antipsychs
TCA
Misc Agents that cause hyperthermia
Exertional Heatstroke
Malignant Hyperthermia
Metal Fume fever
NMS
Serotonin Syndrome
Withdrawl from Carbidopa/Levodopa or bromocrimptine
Withdrawl from Baclofen, ethanol, or sedative-hypnotics
Adrenergic-Sympathomimetic agents that cause seizures
Amphetamines and derivatives (MDMA)
Caffeine and theophylline
Cocaine, cannabinoids
Ephedrine
PCP, Phenylproanolamine
Synthetic Cathinones
Anti-depressants and antipsychs that cause seizures
Amoxapine
Bupropion
Haloperidol and Droperidol
Loxapine, Clozapine, Olanzapine
Phenothiazines
SNRIs
TCA
Venlafaxine
Misc agents that cause seizures
4-aminopyridine
Antihistamines
Boric Acid
Camphor, Carbamazepine, Cellular Hypoxia, Chlorinated HCs, Cholinergics, Cicutoxin, Citrate, Cyanide
DEET
Ergot Alkaloids, Ethylene Glycol
Fipronil, Fluoride, Foscamet
GHB
Ifosfamide, INH
Lamotrigine, Lead, lidocaine, Lithium
Mefenamic Acid, Meperidine, Metaldehyde, Methanol, Methyl Bromide
Organochlorines
Phenols, Phenylbutazone, Piroxicam, Propranolol
Salicylates, Strychnine
Tetramine, Tiagabine, Tramadol
Withdrawl from ethanol or sedative-hypnotics
Agents that cause predominant confusion or delirium
Amantadine, Acyclovir/valacyclovir, anticholinergics, Anticonvulsants, antihistamines
Bromide
CO
Disulfiram
Fluoroquinolones
Ifosfamide
Lead, Levodopa, Lidocaine, Lithium
Salicylates
Withdrawl from ethanol or sedative-hypnotics
Agents that cause predominant agitation or psychosis
Amphetamines and derivatives
Bupropion
Caffeine/Theophylline, Cycloserine
Dextromethorphan
LSD
Marijuana, Mercury
PCP, Phenibut
SSRI’s, Steroids, Synthetic cathinones and cannabinoids
Vitamin A toxicity
Vitamin B Deficiency
Drugs/Toxins that cause Dystonia and akathisia
Haloperidol and droperidol
Metoclopramide
Phenothiazines (Prochlorperazine)
Ziprasidone and other atypical antipsychotics agents
Drugs/Agents that cause rigidity
Black Widow Spider Bite
Baclofen (both toxicity and withdrawl)
Lithium
Malignant Hyperthermia, Manganese, Methaqualone, MAO-I
NMS
PCP
Strychnine
Tetanus
Drugs/Agents that cause Dyskinesias
Amphetamines, Anticholinergic agents, Antihistamines
Bismuth
Caffeine, Carbamazepine, Carisoprodol, Cathinones, Cocaines
GHB
Ketamine
Lithium, Levodopa
PCP
SSRIs
TCA
Agents/Toxins that cause Rhabdo due to muscular hyperactivity, rigidity, or seizures
Amphetamines and derivatives
Antihistamines and anticholinergics
Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Clozapine and Olanzapine, Cocaine
Lithium
MAO-I
PCP
Seizures, Strychnine
Tetanus, TCA
Misc Agents/Toxins that cause Rhabdomylosis
CO, Chlorphenoxy herbicides, Colchicine
Ethanol, Ethylene glycol
Gemfibrozil
Haff disease, Hemlock, Hyperthermia, Hypokalemia
Mushrooms (Amantia, Russula, tricholoma species)
Palytoxin
Paraphenylenediamine (hair dye)
Prolonged immobility
Statin
Trauma
IgE mediated Anaphylatic Reactions
Antisera
Foods (nuts, fish, shellfish)
Hymenoptera and other insect stings
Immunotherapy allergen extracts
Penicillins and other antibiotics
Vaccines
Non-IgE mediated reactions
NAC (given IV)
Blood Products
Iodinated Contrast Media
Opioids
Scombroid
Tubocurarine
Sympatholytics that cause Miosis
Antipsychotics
Clonidine and related imidazolines
Opioids
Valproic Acid
Cholinergic that cause Miosis
Carbamates
Organophosphates
Nicotine
Physostigmine
Pilocarpine
Misc that cause Miosis
heatstroke
Pontine Infarct
Subarchannoid Hemorrhage
Sympathomimetics that cause Mydriasis
Amphetamines and derivatives
Cocaine
Dopamine
LSD
MAO-I
Nicotine
Anticholinergics that cause Mydriasis
Antihistamines
Atropine and Anticholinergics
Carbamazepine
Glutethimide
TCA
Retinal Toxins (Fixed dilated pupils)
Methanol
Quinine
Agents that cause elevated osmol gap
Acetone
DMSO
Ethanol, Ethyl Ether, Ethylene Glycol
Glycerol
Isopropyl Alcohol
Magnesium
Agents that cause Hyperglycemia
Beta Agonists
Caffeine intoxication
Corticosteroids
Dextrose
Diazoxide
Excessive Epinephrine
Fluoroquinolones
Glucagon
Iron Poisoning
Theophylline Intoxication
THiazide diuretics
Vacor
Agents that cause hypoglycemia
Ackee or Lychee Fruit
Endocrine disorders
Ethanol intoxication
Fasting
Fluoroqinolones
Hepatic Failure
Pentamide
Propanolol Intoxication
Renal Failure
Salicylate intoxication
Streptozocin
Valproic Acid intoxication
Agents that cause hypernatremia
Cathartic Abuse
Lactulose Therapy
Lithium Therapy
Mannitol
Severe Gastroenteritis
Sodium Bicarbonate or chloride overdose
Valproic Acid
Agents that cause Hyponatremia
Beer Potomania
Cerebral salt wasting syndrome
Diuretics
Exertional Hyponatremia
Iatrogenic (IV fluids therapy)
SIADH:
- Amitriptyline
- Carbamaz and oxcarbazepine
- Chlorpropamide
- Clofibrate
- MDMA
- Oxytocin
- Phenothiazines
Agents that cause Hyperkalemia
Acidosis
Adrenal Insufficiency (chronic steroid use)
Beta Blockers
Digtalis Glycosides
Fluoride
Lithium
Potassium
Renal Failure
Rhabdo
Agents that cause Hypokalemia
Alkalosis
Barium
Beta-Adrenergic drugs
Caffeine
Chlorquine or quinine
Diuretics
Epinephrine
Hypomagnesemia
Licorice
Salicylate Poisoning
Theophylline
Toluene (Chronic)
Agents that cause acute renal failure through direct nephrotoxic effect
APAP
Acyclovir, Chronic, High Dose
Amanita Phallodies
Amanita Smithiana
Analgesics (ibuprofen, Phenacetin)
ACE Inhibotrs
Aminoglycosides
Bromates
Chlorates
Chlorinated HCs
Cortinarius Species Mushrooms
Cyclosporine
Diquat and Paraquat
EDTA
Ethylene Glycol
Foscarnet
heavy Metals
Indinavir
Agents that cause acute renal failure through hemolysis
Arsinine
Copper Sulfate
Napthelene
Oxidizing agents
Agents that cause acute renal failure through Rhabdo
Amphetamines and cocaines
Coma with prolonged immobility
Hyperthermia
PCP
Status Epilepticus
Strychnine
Agents that cause hepatic damage
APAP, Aminata Phalloides, Arsenic
Carboc Tetrachloride and other chlorinated HCs, Copper
Dimethylformamide
Ethanol
Green Tea Extracts
Gyromitra mushrooms
Halothane
Iron
Kava
Niacin
2-Nitropropane
Phennyroyal Oil, Phenol, Phosphorus, PCBs, Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
Steroids
Thallium, Troglitazone
Valproic Acid
