Ageing

Question 1

Life expectancy in Hungary?

Answer 1

22% of women will have activity limitations.
17% of men will have activity limitations.

Question 2

Prognostics?

Answer 2

Between 2015-2050 proportion of population above 60 will go from 12% to 22%.
Europe and Japan will face the most immediate impact of aging.

Question 3

Ageing of Europe?

Answer 3

Average life expectancy has been increasing due to reductions in:
Tobacco use(men) and cardiovascular diseases(both).

Question 4

Active aging?

Answer 4

Process of optimizing opportunities for health to enhance life as people age.

Question 5

Gerontology and geriaty?

Answer 5

Gerontology: study of all aspects of aging
Geriaty: branch of health focusing on care of elderly people.

Question 6

Age groups?

Answer 6

Elderly- >65
Young old- 65-74
Middle old- 70-80
Aged- >75
Chronically old- >70
Oldest old- 80 and up

Question 7

Aging theories?

Answer 7

Biological: address the anatomic and physiologic changes occurring with age.
Psychosocial: explain thought processes and behaviors of aging persons.
Programmed: aging follows a biological timetable/ internal biological clock.
a) Telomeric: shortening of telomere after cell division enters sequential state of switching on/off genes.
b) Endocrine: biological clocks control aging with hormones; menopause, insomnia.
c) Immunological: decline in immune system over time, increasing vulnerability; Alzheimer’s.

Question 8

Delay aging?

Answer 8

Caloric restriction(not malnutrition) delays aging in some species.
Slows down age related diseases.

Question 9

Conditions?

Answer 9

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome
• genetic disorder causing children to age rapidly.
Werner syndrome
• premature aging.

Question 10

Changes in physical?

Answer 10

Physical parameters.
Posture.
Skin
Dental changes.

Question 11

Change in performance?

Answer 11

Muscles
Lungs
Brain
Immune system
Kidney

Question 12

Change in senses?

Answer 12

Vision
Hearing
Thirst
Taste

Question 13

5 Is?

Answer 13

Immobility
Inconsistency
Instability
Intellectual decline
Iatrogeny

Question 14

Main causes of morbidity?

Answer 14

BP
Cancer
Arthritis
Diabetes
Alzheimer’s
COPD
Injuries

Question 15

Mental health?

Answer 15

Depression
Dementia

Question 16

Risk factors of falls?

Answer 16

Lower body weakness, Vit. D deficiency,
Stability problems and vision problems.

Question 17

Prevention ?

Answer 17

Clinical Intervention
Hip protectors
Assistive devices
Muscle strengthening

Question 18

Primary prevention?

Answer 18

Nutrition.
Prevent risk factors.
Prevent falls
Increase physical activity

Question 19

Secondary prevention?

Answer 19

Screening for hypertension, cancer, blood glucose levels, vision and hearing.

Question 20

Tertiary?

Answer 20

Rehabilitation focusing on speech, physical and occupational therapy.
Treatment of pain.

Question 21

Palliative care?

Answer 21

Improve quality of life of patient and family facing the illness.
Tasks: alleviate pain and provide support.

Question 22

Hospice care?

Answer 22

Comfort and care at end of life.
Inpatient hospice care or home hospice care.