Age-related Macular Degeneratioin

Question 1

Clinical presentation of dry age-related macular degeneration

Answer 1

Slow progressive deterioration of central vision -> atrophy + scar formation
Peripheral vision retained

Question 2

Clinical presentation of wet age-related macular degeneration

Answer 2

Assoc w/ choroidal neovascularisation -> sudden central vision loss
Metamorphopsia on amsler grid test (retinal function retained)

Question 3

Investigations done in age-related macular degeneration

Answer 3

Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) in suspected treatable neovascularisation
Optical coherence tomography (OCT)

Question 4

Pharmaceutical treatment in age-related macular degeneration

Answer 4

Argon laser photocoagulation
Photodynamic therapy (PDT)
Anti-VEGF

Question 5

Non-pharmaceutical treatment in age-related macular degeneration

Answer 5

Supportive low vision aid (LVA)
Lifestyle (stop smoking, diet high in carotenoids, omega 3 fatty acids, antioxidants, minerals zinc and carotene, vitamin B and C)
Lutein/zeaxanthin
Preserve vision