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MBChB IV Ophthalmology > 2015 Block Paper > Flashcards

2015 Block Paper Flashcards

1
Q

What are the retinal 1st order neurons?

A

Rods

Cones

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2
Q

In wet AMD, the vascular membrane may form from?

A

Choroid

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3
Q

Asymmetry of the cup disc ratio between two eyes is not significant
True or false?

A

False

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4
Q

Glaucoma screening is important

True or false?

A

True

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5
Q

A cup disc ratio of 0.3 is glaucoma

True or false?

A

False

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6
Q

The degeneration of which photoreceptor in retinitis pigmentosa is worse?

A

Rods > cones

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7
Q

Name the structures that pass through the superior orbital fissure

A 
Lacrimal nn
Frontal nn
Trochlear nn
Superior ophthalmic vv
Nasociliary nn
Abducens nn
Oculomotor nn
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8
Q

Distinctive presentation of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Purulent discharge

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9
Q

Most common form of blindness in the West?

A

Cataracts

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10
Q

Types of macular degeneration?

A

Wet

Dry

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11
Q

Nerve supply and function of the superior oblique muscle

A

Trochlear nerve
Depression of the eye
Abduction of the eye

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12
Q

Onset of wet AMD?

A

Sudden onset of visual disturbances

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13
Q

Drusen deposits are found between?

A

RPE and Bruch’s membrane

Retina pigment epithelial cell atrophy is typical

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14
Q

Typical non-pharmaceutical AMD treatment?

A

Oral antioxidant + mineral combinations

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15
Q

Broad spectrum antibiotic for ocular infections?

A

Chloramphenicol

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16
Q

Typical presentation of wet AMD?

A

Choroidal neovascularisation

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17
Q

Typical pharmaceutical treatmet of AMD?

A

PDT

Anti-VEGF

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18
Q

Distinctive symptom of dry AMD?

A

Central visual loss

19
Q

What is a cause of bitemporal hemianopia?

A

Pituitary adenoma

20
Q

Distinctive symptom of wet AMD?

A

Metamorphopsia

21
Q

Treatment for blepharitis?

A

Topical antibiotics

22
Q

Herpes simplex keratitis lesion description and treatment

A

Dendritic ulcer with a terminal

Steroids

23
Q

Blurred optic disc margins are a sign of?

A

Papilloedema

24
Q

Features of glaucoma?

A

Visual field loss

Optic disc cupping

25
Q

Which AMD type has a worse prognosis?

A

Wet

26
Q

How does one screen for choroidal neovascularisation in wet AMD?

A

Flucrescein angiography

27
Q

What is the origin of the ophthalmic artery?

A

Internal carotid artery

28
Q

Risk factors for acute closed-angle glaucoma?

A 
Analgesia
Elderly
Laser iridotomy
Topical beta blockers (raise IOP)
Systemic acetozolamide (raise IOP)
Genetics
Steroid use
African people
29
Q

Anterior blephaitis presents with?

A

Eyelash scruff

30
Q

Risk factor for AMD?

A

Smoking

31
Q

Treatment for allergic conjnctivitis?

A

Levocabastine

32
Q

Most common type of pathogen of the eye?

A

Virus

33
Q

Sties are commonly caused by which micro-organism?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

34
Q

Viral conjunctivitis is commonly caused by?

A

Adenovirus

35
Q

What are the retinal 2nd order neurons?

A

Bipolar neurons

Horizontal cells

36
Q

Glaucoma treatment

A

Trabeculotomy (create channel in angle of ant chamber)

37
Q

What can drainage as treatment in glaucoma cause?

A

Cataract formation

38
Q

Treatment for gonococcal conjunctivitis?

A

Parenteral antibiotics

39
Q

Common cause of posterior blepharitis?

A

Blocked meibomian gland

40
Q

Cause of bacterial eye infection in children?

A

Haemophilus influenza

41
Q

Which types of glaucoma are difficult to treat?

A

Secondary

Congenital

42
Q

Name of the space anterior to the lens?

A

Posterior chamber

43
Q

Primary open angle glaucoma makes up what percentage of glaucoma cases?

A

Around 33%

MBChB IV Ophthalmology (17 decks)

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