age of imperialism Flashcards
what is the definition of Imperialism ?
process by which one state, with superior military strength and more advances technology, imposes its control over the land, resources, and population of a less developed region
what is new imperialism?
a type of foreign policy practiced by European Nations and Japan throughout the 1800 and early 1900s
what was was the process of trade between England and India
- India sends raw materials to England
- then England trans the raw materials into finished goods
- then England sends the foods to Indian market for sale
- Indian market purchase finished goods from England
motives for imperialism
- capitalism required new markets and raw materials
- heated rivalries
- nationalism
- social darwinism and racism
- moral responsibility of a Christian
what is Nationalism
where someone loves there country a lot
how did the industrial revolution get here?
nationalism- large colonies meant power
industrialization- vast access to natural resources and chap labor
humanitarianism- Europeans thought it was their duty to civilize and uplift African people
social darwinism- Survival of the fittest people
how was proud in a country identified?
was based upon the industrial production, military strength, and size of empire.
what are the effects of industrialization
increased population in Europe
great technological advances- military transportation, and communication
continued economic expansion requires more resources and markets
what were the effects of humanitarianism
christian missionaries saw Africa and Asia and fertile ground for converts
- cultural superiority- Europeans must “save” the rest of the world
- Must stop the Arab slave trade in Africa
the most important things to note about social darwinism
the strongest or fittest should survive and flourish in society, whole the weak and unfit should be allowed to die
what are the most common forms of Imperial rule
colonies- direct control of another country
- sphere of influence- exclusive privileges that an imperial power has e.g. trading
protectorate- a country which has its own government but whose policies are “guided: by an imperial power in exchange for protection
what are the two types of government control ?
direct rule and indirect rule
what is direct rule as a from of government control?
total government control at all levels e.g.
Paternalism - protecting a colony as a father would protect child
Assimilation - cultures are absorbed by the parent country (policy of the French, Portuguese and Germans)
what is indirect Rule as a from of government control?
indirect rule: do not replace traditional governments, allows more independence
British policy - had too many colonies to assimilate them all
what was the Berlin Conference
it was a way to divide Africa
