African American History 1940-2020 Flashcards
What was the FEPC?
Fair Employment Pracitces Committee Roosevelt banns discrimination in employment > more jobs at better wages > greater range of occuptations for Black
What was the role of Blacks in World War 2?
many fought but in segregated army
towards end of the war: integration in the Army
Which two Organizations fight for Civil Rights in the 50s-70s?
NAACP = National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
CORE = Congress of Racial Equality
What did the Brown vs Board decision of Education of Topeka (Kansas) decide?
school segregation is against the Constitution
Did the school integration work?
No not really
many schools closed down or went privat
segregated black and white neighborhoods > schools
What was introduced to help the shool integration?
School Bus System
to mix up races
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
Rosa Parks refuse to give up seat to white person
> Martin Luther King oragnizes Bus Boycott in Montgomery
What was the outcome of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
Supreme Court decides that segregation in public transport is against Constitution
What did Martin Luther King organize?
Montgomery School Boycott
CLC = Christian Leadership Conference
SNCC = The Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee
Selma to Montgomery Marches
What was the new slogan after Martin Luther King?
Freedom Now
What were the Selma and Montgomery marches?
- : policemen brutal against marchers
- Martin Luther King kneeled down, prayed, turned marchers around
- successful march to Montgomery in 5 days
What did the Civil Rights Movement had for consequences?
Civil Rights Act
forbids discrimination in voting, public, employment
permits US to deny federal funds to local agencies practicing discrimination
Voting Rights Act
forbids literacy tests + property tests + poll tax
> more Blacks are able to vote
What were the “long, hot summers” in the 1960s?
violent outbreaks after murder Martin Luther King
against police brutality, inadequate educational facilities, unemployment, poor housing
Watts, Newark, Detroit
Which 2 groups played a major role in the Black Power Movement?
Black Muslims (under Malcom X) Black Panthers (under Eldridge Cleaver)
What happened in the 1970s?
Affirmation action programs: quota system, reverse discrimination?
econmic crisis hit Blacks badly
What happened in the 1980s?
rising black middle class
L. Douglas Wilder: 1. black governor Virginia
Marshall. 1. black in Supreme Court
Who and where was the first black student at a white uni?
James H. Meredith
University of Mississippi
What are examples for the racial tension in the 1990s?
The Rodney King Riots: police brutality against blacks
O.J.Simpson: victory over white legal system
Louis Farrakhan’s Million Man March
Who is Barack Obama?
- Black President US
police brutality against blacks
Black Lives Matter Movement
Who is Donald Trump?
current republican President
Racism
links Blacks to violent crimes
Despite the growing black middle and upper middle class, what have studies shown?
African Americans have higher unemployment more adults in prison less education less income more single parent more teenage pregnancies more crime more people living below the poverty line
Name some famous African Americans in the late 20th and 21st century
Oprah Winfrey
Halle Berry
Tiger Woods
Name an important black writer in the late 20th century
Alice Walker: The Color Purple
