Affixational Processes and Morphology Flashcards
internal change
substituting one non-morphological segment for another to change the meaning (0ften the tense)
Umlaut: description and ____ is a type of?
refers to vowel change in an irregular plural; type of internal change
Ablaut: description and ____ is a type of?
refers to the vowel that changes in an internal change
Suppletion
the total change of a morpheme to indicate a change in word meaning (go–> went)
Reduplication
The process by which one morpheme is repeated for grammatical emphasis, as if repeat a morpheme once makes an adjective comparative, repeating it three times make it superlative`
Cliticization (contraction)
some morphemes behave like words, but can’t stand alone. called clitics the “ ‘m “ in “I’m”. stands for am, but can’t have alone. attaches to a ‘host’
Conversion
changing the category of a word (zero derivation). ex; I run –> I go on a run. V –> N
Clipping
cutting words short; doctor–> doc
Blends
two words getting pushed together to create a new word. Smog from smoke and fog
Backformation
words that are created by chopping off what is assumed is a affix. editor–> | or | becomes edit. EDIT CAME IN AFTER EDITOR
Acronyms versus Initilization
NATO versus P.E.I.
onomatopoeia
words spelled the way they sound eg; buzz
Order and definition of affixes
derivational affixes first, then inflectional affixes. Derivational changes the category of the word, inflectional affixes do not
Productivity
refers to the affixes ability to attach to many different things. IAs are more productive than DAs
Compounding
adding two words together to create a new word, they are right headed, meaning that the right most word defines the category. sky-blue is a type of blue not a type of sky
