Afferent Control

Question 1

Trigeminal

Answer 1

Sensory information from face, mouth, and mandible
Swallow initiation
Activated by touch and pressure receptors for sensory feedback, so shape size and texture of bolus can be recognized and the tongue shape and movements can be adjusted in order to get the bolus to the pharynx

Question 2

Facial nerve

Answer 2

Taste in anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Certain tastes, such as sour, has been shown to increase salivation, which aids in swallowing

Question 3

Glossopharyngeal

Answer 3

Taste in posterior 1/3 of tongue
Carries sensation from the velum and superior portion of the pharynx
Important for bolus recognition and awareness
Lesion here may impair gag reflex unilaterally

Question 4

Vagus nerve

Answer 4

Sensory info from the bells and posterior and inferior portions of the pharynx
Mediates sensation in the larynx
Sensory receptors in the esophagus are also stimulated by the bolus so it can be transmitted to the stomach

Question 5

Pharyngeal phase “trigger” regions

Answer 5

CN IX and X (posterior faucial pillars, base of tongue, oropharyngeal mucosa)
Superior laryngeal nerve
Posterior pharyngeal arches or wall