Affective Disorders Flashcards
name the three domains depression can be thought of?
psychological
physical
social
what is perplexity?
inability to deal with or understand something
what is anhedonia ?
inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities.
what is agoraphobia ?
type of anxiety disorder in which you fear and avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic and make you feel trapped, helpless or embarrassed
what is IDEAS OF REFERENCE ?
for example, thinking a group of random people are laughing at you across the street
what physical changes occur with depression?
change in energy sleep appetite libido constipation pain slowed psychomotor function
what social affects does depression have?
anhedenia irritability apathy loss of concentration withdrawal
what is agitation ?
state of restless overactivity, aimless or ineffective
what is apathy ?
loss of interest in own surroundings
what is depression?
an unpleasant emotion in which sadness or unhappiness predominates
what is stupor?
state of extreme retardation in which consciousness is intact - rare
how long does depression need to be present for a diagnosis to be made?
2 weeks
what is the ICD-10 criteria for depression diagnosis ?
last 2 week
no hypomanic or manic episodes
no psychoactive substance use
what criteria is there for somatic syndrome depression?
anhedonia lack of emotional response waking 2 hrs before normal time worse in mornings marked loss of appetite marked loss of libido
what medication can be used for depression?
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
tricyclic antidepressants
monamine oxidase inhibitors
what psychological therapy is available for depression?
CBT (cognitive behaviour therapy)
IPT
family therapy
what physical therapy is available for depression?
ECT (electro convulsant therapy)
DBS (deep brain stimulation)
VNS (vagus nerve stimulation)
what measurement tools are available for depression?
SCID
SCAN
what condition is characterised by mania or hypomania?
bipolar disorder
what is mania ?
elevated mood
what is mania often associated with?
grandiose ideas
disinhibition
loss of judgement
what are grandiose ideas?
thinking you are superior to others
what criteria is required for hypomania diagnosis ?
mild elevation of mood for several days
increased sociability, talkativeness, sexual energy
decreased need for sleep
concentration decreased
what is hypomania?
lesser degree of mania, no psychosis
what criteria is required for mania diagnosis?
1 week of work and social activity disruption elevated mood and increased energy disinhibition grandiosity extravagant spending
state some differential diagnosis of mania?
mixed affective state schizophrenic disorder cyclothymia ADHD drugs and alcohol
what tools to measure symptoms of mania?
SCID
SCAN
state 4 options of treatment for mania?
antipsychotics - olanzapine mood stabilisers - sodium valproate lithium ECT
what does BAD stand for?
bipolar affective disorder
what criteria has to be present for bipolar to be diagnosed ?
repeated 2 episodes of depression and mania/hypomania
what is the diagnosis of repeated 2 episodes of depression?
recurrent depression
what is the diagnosis of repeated 2 episodes of mania/hypomania?
hypomania or bipolar disorder
what is the mean onset age of bipolar disorder?
21
what gender is more affected by bipolar disorder/
M=F
what is the mean age of onset for depression?
27
is there an association of social status and depression?
no
how long does major depression episode usually last
4-6months
how long does bipolar disorder episode usually last
1-3months
are affective disorders recurrent and disabling ?
yes
is depression or mania more common?
depression
