Aerosols

Question 1

PM10

Answer 1

PM10 particles less than 10 microns

Question 2

What is aerosols made of?

Answer 2

Natural 90%, man made 10%

Question 3

% aerosols

Answer 3

Industrial processes 60%, combustion 30%, tansport 3%

Question 4

Natural sources?

Answer 4

Natural NaCl, dust (ash, volcanoes, forest fires)

Question 5

Secondary aerosols?

Answer 5

When gases react e.g. ammonium sulphate

Question 6

What is ‘Rain out’?

Answer 6

‘Rain out’ aerosols nucleate raindrops

Question 7

What is ‘Wash out’?

Answer 7

‘Wash out’ particles impacted by raindrops

Question 8

How are aerosols removed in the body?

Answer 8

.5 microns by nasal hair, 0.5 microns cilia and mucus

Question 9

How much aerosols reach the alveloi?

Answer 9

<5 microns

Question 10

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons?

Answer 10

Adsorbed gases

Question 11

Correlation?

Answer 11

PM10 concentration and mortality

Question 12

Sources in urban areas?

Answer 12

Vehicles

Question 13

How is CO produced?

Answer 13

High T combustion in lack of oxygen, mostly from natural CH4, local high concentrations

Question 14

How is CO removed?

Answer 14

by fungi and O3

Question 15

What does it form?

Answer 15

Carboxyhaemoglobin.

Question 16

HCs effects and sources?

Answer 16

Use of petrochemicals, methane from animals and landfill, non-methane from tansport, NO2 and HCs yield Photochemical Smogs