Aeronautics Flashcards
acceleration
→ to accelerate
deceleration
→ to decelerate
Acceleration is the change in
velocity over time. To start an
aircraft you need to accelerate it.
Beschleunigung
→ beschleunigen
Verzögerung, Verlangsamung
→ die Geschwindigkeit verringern
to achieve sth
→ achievement
The glider achieves lift in three
different ways. A successful
performance can also be called an achievement.
etw. erreichen, leisten, ausführen
→ Erfolg, Leistung, Ergebnis
aerodynamic forces
→ drag
→ thrust
→ weight / gravity
→ lift / buoyancy
Various aerodynamic forces act on
a plane during flight.
Drag is the resistance force of the
air. Turbines provide thrust for the airplane.
The weight of an object is the force of gravity on the object and is measured in Newton.
Lift must be greater than weight to make the aircraft fly.
Buoyancy is the upward force
exerted by a fluid.
aerodynamische Kräfte
→ (Luft)widerstand
→ Vorstoß, Schub, Vortrieb
→ Schwerkraft, Gewicht
→ Auftrieb
aeronautics
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) is
responsible for the American
public space programme.
Luftfahrt, Aeronautik (Flugtechnik)
air traffic control
→ air traffic controller
The air traffic control guides the
planes through the air. An air
traffic controller coordinates the traffic in the sky.
Flugsicherungskontrolle
→ Fluglotse
air tunnel
In an air tunnel the aerodynamics
of a special vehicle shape can be tested.
Windkanal
airspace
The European Union has issued a list of airlines which are not
allowed to operate in its airspace.
Luftraum
altitude [æltitju:d]
→ cruising altitude
≠ height
During flight, pilots receive
instructions from air traffic control
stations on the cruising altitude
they can fly at.
Höhe über NN
→ Flughöhe
≠ Höhe (über dem Boden)
approach
→ to approach sb/sth
The approach control office guides
the planes to the ground.
A plane approaches an airport for landing.
Anflug, Annäherung, Herangehen;
Ansatz, Vorgehen(sweise)
→ sich jdm./einer Sache nähern,
an jdn./etw herankommen
aviation
Aviation is an important sector of our economy.
Luftfahrt, Flugwesen
axis, pl. axes
→ lateral axis
→ longitudinal axis
→ vertical axis
An axis is an imaginary line
through the centre.
When pitching, a plane turns on its lateral axis (from wing tip to wing tip).
When rolling, a plane turns on its longitudinal axis (from nose to tail).
When yawing, a plane turns on its vertical axis (from top to bottom).
Achse
→ Querachse
→ Längsachse
→ Hochachse, senkrechte Achse
brake
→ to brake
Brakes are used to decelerate a
car
Bremse
→ bremsen
combustion chamber
→ to combust
→ internal combustion engine
(IC engine)
→ combustor
In a combustion engine, the fuel is ignited in the combustion engine.
During the combusting process,
CO2 is produced.
Verbrennungsraum
→ verbrennen
→ Verbrennungsmotor
→ Combustor, Brennkammer
compressor
→ to compress
A gas compressor is a mechanical
device that increases the pressure
of a gas by reducing its volume.
Kompressor
→ komprimieren,
zusammendrücken
concept vehicle
Konzeptfahrzeug
congestion
→ traffic congestion
Some inner cities have introduced
the concept of congestion zones to restrict the amount of traffic.
Überlastung, Ballung, Andrang
→ Verkehrsstau
considerable
→ to consider sth
The damage to this vehicle will
cause considerable repair work.
ansehnlich, beträchtlich
→ etw beachten, bedenken
console
Pilots spend a lot of training time
on flight simulator consoles.
Bedienungspult
craft (pl.: craft)
→ aircraft
→ watercraft
→ hovercraft
Craft include aircraft, watercraft
and vehicles for transportation on the ground, the sea and in the air
Fahrzeug / Schiff
→ Flugzeug
→ Luftkissenboot
destination
The destination of Lufthansa flight
no. LH630 is Dubai
Bestimmungsort, Fahrziel
distress call
MAYDAY is a distress call.
Notruf
diversion
→ to divert
An aircraft can be diverted to
another airport in case of adverse
weather conditions
Umleitung
→ umleiten
duct
→ exhaust ducts
A duct is a pipe or tube that
carries a liquid or gas
Gang, Röhre
→ Abgaskanal /-leitung
economical
≠ economic
Non-contact technology makes
Maglev trains very economical,
i.e. low-cost.
sparsam (im Verbrauch), kostengünstig
≠ betriebs-/volkswirtschaftlich
to embed sth.
→ embedded
Engineers embed the control
devices in instrument panels.
Embedded components are
securely fixed into a bigger
structure.
einbauen
→ eingebaut, eingelassen
emergency
In case of emergency, dial 112.
Notfall
to enable sth
to disable sth
Even if the desktop has been
disabled on the computer, you can
enable it as long as you have
administrator rights.
etw. einschalten, aktivieren
abschalten, deaktivieren
to encourage
→ encouragement
More students should be
encouraged to study aeronautics.
anregen, fördern, stärken
→ Anregung, Zuspruch, Ermutigung
exhaust
→ exhaust nozzle
Exhaust nozzles are used to eject
the exhausts from the turbine to produce thrust
Abgas
→ Ausstromdüse
fan
A fan is an instrument for
producing a current of air.
Lüfter, Ventilator, Gebläse,
Windflügel, Fächer
fuselage (aviat.)
[‘fjuːzəlɑːʒ]
The fuselage is the aircraft’s main body section holding crew and passengers or cargo.
Flugzeugrumpf
glider
A glider is a light aircraft
supported only by the dynamic
action of air against its surfaces
Segelflugzeug, Gleitflugzeug
goods (pl.)
→ freight
→ cargo
Goods are transported across the world as freight or cargo on
airplanes or ships
Güter, Waren
→ Fracht
→ Ladung
gravity
→ g-force
→ to overcome gravity
To overcome gravity, the weight
force, airplanes generate an
opposing force called lift.
Schwerkraft
→ Beschleunigungskraft
→ die Schwerkraft überwinden
to hover above sth
Hovering means floating in the air and keeping the position for a long time.
(in der Luft) schweben
helicopter
A helicopter is an aircraft that is
lifted and propelled by one or more overhead rotors
Hubschrauber
hydrogen
Hydrogen is a colourless, volatile and highly inflammable gas.
Wasserstoff
increase / decrease (in sth)
→ to increase
to decrease
There is an increase in air traffic
and a decrease in profits.
Zuwachs, Abnahme
→ erhöhen, ansteigen, zunehmen
mindern, abfallen, abnehmen
inflammable
non-inflammable
Inflammable gases can cause
dangerous explosions.
entzündlich
nicht entflammbar
jet engine
→ jet
A jet airplane is a very fast
airplane powered by one or more
jet engines
Düsentriebwerk, Strahltriebwerk
→ Düse(nstrahl)
landing gear
→ gear
The landing gear is the structure
that is retracted during flight. It
supports an aircraft on the ground.
Fahrwerk, Landungsgestell
→ Ausrüstung, Vorrichtung
to lift sth = to raise
A crane lifts / raises objects to a
higher position.
etw. emporheben
to load
to unload
Ships are loaded at the dock.
beladen
entladen
nozzle
A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of
varying cross-sectional area.
Düse
low carbon footprint
Trains are safe, energy-efficient
and have a low carbon footprint.
geringe CO2-Bilanz
piston
The piston moves up and down in a
cylinder
Kolben
to propose sth
→ a proposal
The team has proposed various
alterations to the concept plane
etw. vorschlagen, vorhaben
→ Vorschlag, Antrag
propulsion technology
→ to propel (a vehicle)
There has been a lot of progress in
propulsion technology in the last
few years.
Antriebstechnologie
→ (ein Fahrzeug) antreiben
radar
Radar is an acronym for RAdio
Detection And Ranging and a
system for detecting the presence,
direction, and speed of objects by
radio waves.
Radar
radio
→ to radio
The pilot communicates with
ground control via radio.
Funk(gerät)
→ funken
rocket
→ to launch a rocket
→ to rocket
Many rockets are launched from
Cape Canaveral.
Rakete
→ eine Rakete starten, abschießen
→ wie eine Rakete hochschießen
rotation / rotary movement
→ to rotate
→ pitch; to pitch
→ roll; to roll
→ yaw; to yaw
In flight dynamics, there are three
principal rotations:
Pitch is the movement about the
lateral axis of the airplane.
(→ elevators)
An airplane rolls about its
longitudinal axis. (→ ailerons)
Yaw is the movement about the
vertical axis. (→ rudder)
Rotationsbewegung
→ rotieren
→ Kippmoment; neigen, nicken
→ Rollen, Rollbewegung; rollen
→ Gieren, Gierbewegung; gieren
runway
Planes take off and land on a
runway.
Landebahn
service life
Modern vehicles have a long
service life.
Nutzungs-/Lebensdauer
smooth
→ to smoothen
A smooth surface causes less
friction.
eben, glatt
→ ebnen, glätten
spatial vision
For pilots, spatial vision is an
essential condition of employment
räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen
speed of sound
~ of light
Military jets fly at speeds greater
than the speed of sound.
Schallgeschwindigkeit
Lichtgeschwindigkeit
to spin, span, spun
Tail rotors prevent the helicopter
from spinning.
wirbeln, schnell drehen, trudeln
stability
→ stabilizer
→ to stabilize
Stabilizers stabilize the aircraft in
the air thus providing stability to
keep the plane level.
Stabilität
→ Regler, Stabilisator
→ stabilisieren
statistics (singular word !)
The Department of Transport
regularly publishes casualty
statistics.
Statistik
steering wheel
→ to steer
Steering means controlling the
direction in which a vehicle moves.
Steuerrad
→ steuern
to streamline
→ streamlined
Drag in a vehicle can be reduced
by streamlining its body
stromlinienförmig machen
→ stromlinienförmig
supersonic, ultrasonic (speed)
subsonic (speed)
Concorde was a supersonic
airplane. Commercial planes
travel at subsonic speed.
Überschall(geschwindigkeit)
Unterschall(geschwindigkeit)
tail
nose
The tail is the back part of a plane.
Flugzeugende
Vorderteil, Bug
take-off
→ to take off
Seat belts have to be worn during
take-off and landing
Start
→ abheben, starten
thermal (updraft)
(also: updraught)
Thermal updraft is an upward
current or draught of air
thermischer Aufwind
to tip
A vehicle can tip to one side in
stormy weather
kippen
track
→ to track
Air traffic controllers track the
movement of aircraft in the air
Spur, Kette bei Kettenfahrzeuge
→ eine Spur verfolgen,
nachvollziehen, verfolgen
tyre (BE), tire (AE)
A car usually runs on tyres
whereas track vehicles run on
caterpillar tracks.
Reifen
turbine engine
→ turbine
A gas turbine engine accelerates
gas to provide thrust.
Turbinenmotor
→ Turbine
vehicle
≠ vessel
Vehicles move on ground whereas
vessels are able to float
Fahrzeuge
≠ Schiff, Hohlkörper
velocity = speed
Velocity is the distance travelled
per time unit.
Geschwindigkeit
wing
→ wingspan
→ wing tip
Wings help to keep an airplane in
the air when it is flying.
The wingspan of an airplane is the
distance from wing tip to wing tip
Flügel, Tragfläche
→ Flügelspannweite
→ Flügelspitze, Tragflächenende
zeppelin
→ airship / dirigible
Airships or zeppelins or dirigibles
were the first aircraft to enable
controlled, powered flights, and
were widely used before the 1940s
Zeppelin
→ Luftschiff
