Aerobic Respiration Flashcards
Q: Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
A: Cytoplasm
Q: What is the starting material for glycolysis?
A: Glucose
Q: What is the net gain of ATP from glycolysis?
A: 2 ATP
Q: How many pyruvate molecules are produced at the end of glycolysis?
A: 2 pyruvate molecules
Q: Is glycolysis an aerobic or anaerobic process?
A: Anaerobic
Q: In glycolysis, NAD+ is reduced to which molecule?
A: NADH
Q: What does fermentation regenerate that is required for glycolysis to continue?
A: NAD+
Q: What are the products of lactate fermentation?
A: Lactate and NAD+
Q: What are the products of alcoholic fermentation?
A: Ethanol and CO2
Q: What process occurs after glycolysis if oxygen is present?
A: Aerobic respiration
Q: Where does pyruvate enter when it is transported into the mitochondria for further processing?
A: Mitochondrial matrix
Q: What type of transport does pyruvate use to enter the mitochondrial matrix?
A: Active transport via a H+−Pyruvate cotransporter
Q: What is produced during the decarboxylation of pyruvate?
A: Acetyl-CoA, NADH, and CO2
Q: What cycle does acetyl-CoA enter for further processing?
A: Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
Q: How many NADH molecules are produced per turn of the Krebs cycle?
A: 3 NADH molecules
Q: Where does the Krebs cycle take place in the cell?
A: Mitochondrial matrix
Q: Is oxygen required for the Krebs cycle?
A: Yes
Q: How many ATP molecules are produced per turn of the Krebs cycle?
A: 1 ATP molecule (per acetyl-CoA)
Q: How many CO2 molecules are released per turn of the Krebs cycle?
A: 2 CO2 molecules
Q: What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
A: Oxygen
Q: Where does the electron transport chain (ETC) take place?
A: Inner mitochondrial membrane
Q: What does the electron transport chain (ETC) produce as a byproduct when oxygen combines with electrons and protons?
A: Water (H2O)
Q: What is the function of the proton gradient created by the ETC?
A: It drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase
Q: How many ATPs are generated from one NADH molecule in the electron transport chain?
A: Approximately 3 ATP molecules
Q: How many ATPs are generated from one FADH2 molecule in the electron transport chain?
A: Approximately 2 ATP molecules
Q: What process uses the energy from the proton gradient to produce ATP?
A: Chemiosmosis
Q: What is the maximum number of ATPs generated from one molecule of glucose after complete aerobic respiration?
A: Approximately 38 ATP molecules
Q: In the electron transport chain, which complex does NADH donate electrons to?
A: Complex I
Q: In the electron transport chain, which complex does FADH2 donate electrons to?
A: Complex II
Q: What is the role of ATP synthase in aerobic respiration?
A: It synthesizes ATP using energy from the proton gradient.
Q: What molecule enters the Krebs cycle after being converted from pyruvate?
A: Acetyl-CoA
Q: The process by which intermediates can enter the Krebs cycle at any point is called a __________ cycle.
A: Metabolic cycle
Q: What is the main purpose of the Krebs cycle?
A: To produce high-energy electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) and generate ATP.
Q: What is the total number of NADH molecules produced from one glucose molecule in glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain?
A: 10 NADH molecules
Q: The final product of aerobic respiration, after oxygen accepts electrons, is __________.
A: Water (H2O)
Starting material of Acetyl-CoA Production?
2 pyruvate
Products of Acetyl CoA Production
-2 NADH
- 2 CO2
-2 Acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA is a ______ in the citric acid cycle
reactant
There is no starting or ending point to a _______ cycle
metabolic
Starting material in krebs cycle?
2 Acetyl-CoA
Products of Krebs Cycle
-6 NADH
-2 FADH2
-4CO2
Krebs cycle takes place in?
mitochondria
Is oxygen required in krebs cycle?
yes
The chain of components enables extensive _____- production
ATP
Starting Material for Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
-10 NADH (maximum)
-2 FADH2
Products of ETC
- each NADh –> ~3 ATP
-each FADH2 —> ~2 ATP
-Total 34 ATP
ETC takes place in?
mitochondria
Is oxygen required for ETC?
yes
