AE108

Question 1

The vortices produced by an aircraft are directly proportional to the amount of lift being produced.
Based on that relationship, which aircraft will generate stronger vortices and therefore greater wake turbulence - a f-22, a t-17 or c-5?

Answer 1

The C-5

Question 2

As you should recall from basic aerodynamics, higher AOA means greater induced drag. Based on
that knowledge and what you just learned about the relationship between induced drag and vortex
intensity, which flap configuration do you think will cause increased wake turbulence strength?

Answer 2

Flaps up. A clean wing must maintain a higher AOA and there by creates more induced drag which in turn produces greater wing tip vortices

Question 3

When will the greatest vortex strength occur?

Answer 3

A heavy, clean and slow aircraft

Question 4

When flying behind a big aircraft in what position would you expect to encounter an induced roll to the left?

Answer 4

Behind the right wingtip, which creates a vortex rotating counterclockwise.

Question 5

True or false. Pilots of small aircraft should avoid operating within 2 rotor diameters of a hovering helicopter due to downwash hazards. However, since a helicopter does not generate wake turbulence, normal spacing rules do not apply.

Answer 5

False. Pilots should avoid operating within 3 rotor diameters of a hovering helicopter and follow normal wake turbulence spacing rules

Question 6

When taking of behind a heavy departing aircraft, where should you plan to takeoff yourself? Before or after the heavy aircraft’s lift off point?

Answer 6

Before and try to maintain a flight path above the heavy aircraft- that way you can completely avoid its vortices.

Question 7

When taking off behind a heavy aircraft (over 255,000 pounds) what are established spacing requirements?

Answer 7

2 minutes.

This spacing is also encouraged behind large aircraft (41,000 to 255,000 pounds).

Question 8

What is the Minimum landing spacing requirement behind a heavy aircraft (over 255,000
pounds)?

Answer 8

3 minutes

Question 9

When operating on runways that are intercecting or closer than how many feet, should you be alert to adjacent heavy aircraft operations?

Answer 9

Adjacent runways within 2500 ft.

You should insure an interval of at least 2 minutes before attempting to take off or land

Question 10

How is Wind shear defined?

Answer 10

As a sudden change in wind speed/direction over a short distance in the atmosphere.

Question 11

Where is A microburst most likely to be encountered?

Answer 11

In areas of heavy rain

Question 12

True or false. Wake turbulence is generated only by heavy aircraft?

Answer 12

False, they are created by any aircraft whenever it is producing lift.

Question 13

When taking off behind a heavy aircraft in the T-6A, you should allow for a minimum spacing of how many minutes?

Answer 13

2 minutes

Question 14

When taking off behind a heavy aircraft that has just landed, what should you do to minimize the
effects of its wake turbulence?

Answer 14

Plan to lift off after its nose gear touchdown point

Question 15

Key hazards created by wake turbulence are?

Answer 15

induced roll and induced flow field

Question 16

True or false? The wake turbulence generated by a heavy aircraft taking off from a parallel or intersecting runway is not a factor for aircraft operating on another runway.

Answer 16

False, and they should be considered (with adjacent runways within 2500 ft)

Question 17

How will a wind shear that decreases your headwind component by 20 knots affect your airspeed and lift?

Answer 17

Indicated airspeed will decrease 20 knots thereby decreasing lift.

Question 18

During an approach, you pass through a shear that changes the wind from a 10 knot tailwind to a 10
knot headwind. How will this shear affect your aircraft?

Answer 18

Indicated airspeed will increase by 20 knots, lift will increase, and aircraft will tend to climb above glidepath.

Question 19

What wind changes would an aircraft initially encounter if flown through a microburst?

Answer 19

A strong headwind

Question 20

An aircraft reported wind shear on final with a 10 knot loss of airspeed. How should you adjust your
approach?

Answer 20

Set flaps to “Takeoff” and add 10 knots to your approach speed.

Question 21

Which way does an aircraft’s two wing vortices rotate when seen from behind?

Answer 21

Left vortex: clockwise

Right vortex: counter-clockwise