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RNAV > AE - "Fyrsti hluti" > Flashcards

AE - "Fyrsti hluti" Flashcards

1
Q

Electromagnetic wave consists of an oscillating electric fiel (E) an an oscillating magnetic field (H), their propagation speed is the ____.

A

speed of light.

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2
Q

Hvað af þessu eru “directional antenna?:

a) slotted planar antenna
b) helical antenna
c) dipolar antenna
d) loop antenna
e) slotted planar array antenna
f) sense antenna
g) parabolic antenna

A

a) slotted planar antenna
b) helical antenna
d) loop antenna
g) parabolic antenna

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3
Q

What is the most suitable length of a dipole antenna?

A

1/2 wave length

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4
Q

Hver er formúla wave length?

A

propagation speed / frequency

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5
Q

What kind of antenna does GPS use?

A

Helical

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6
Q

Why does GPS use a helical antenna?

A

Signal has circular polarization

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7
Q

Polarization: Orientation of the plane of oscillation of the ____ of the electromagnetic wave.

A

electrical component (E)

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8
Q

Hvaða antenna hefur þessa lýsingu? “Virtually eliminates lateral lobes and as a consequence concentrates more energy in the main beam”

A

Slotted antenna

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9
Q

A horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave has the E field ___.

A

horizontal

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10
Q

The flat plate antenna generates more/less side lobes than the parabolic reflector.

A

less

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11
Q

Hvernig antenna notar ADF receiver?

A

Loop antenna

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12
Q

Hvað er propagation speed mikill?

A

300,000,000 m/sek

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13
Q

What is the most suitable length of a Marconi antenna?

A

1/4 wave length

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14
Q

E er __ field og H er __ field.

A

electric, magnetic

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15
Q

Í primary radar system ertu með tvö loftnet (eitt fyrir transmitting og eitt fyrir receiving) eða eitt?

A

eitt

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16
Q

1 MHz = _ Hz

A

1.000.000

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17
Q

Farðu með Hz flokkana frá hæsta Hz og að neðsta flokki

A

EHF, SHF, UHF, VHF, HF, MF, LF, VLF

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18
Q

Hvað kallast einn milljarður Hz?

A

1 GHz

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19
Q

Hvernig er best að muna töfluna um tíðnir frá þeirri lægstu og upp að þeirri efstu?

A

Ef þú sérð fyrir þér töfluna þá byrjar hún á VLF (3-30 kHz) svo fer hún bara upp skalann, næsta er 30-300 og svo 300-3000 og svo bara aftur 3-30 og hringurinn. Eina sem þú þarft að passa er að það eru bara þrjú neðstu sem eru kHz, svo þrjú mHz og svo bara tvö Ghz.

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20
Q

Phase modulation is used in __ where the phase of the carrier wave is reversed.

A

GPS

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21
Q

Skilgreining á hverju er þetta?: The addition of information onto a radio wave during transmission

A

modulation

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22
Q

UHF waves appear in the frequency spectrum __.

A

300Mhz - 3000Mhz

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23
Q

Medium waves appear in the frequency spectrum __.

A

300 Khz - 3000 Khz

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24
Q

Hvað er þetta kallað?: Interrupting the carrier wave to break it into dots and dashes?

A

“Keying”

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25
Q

Þetta er skilgreiningin á hverju?: A complete series of values of a periodical process.

A

cycle

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26
Q

Hvað kallast þetta?: The angular difference between the corresponding points of two cycles of equal wavelength, which is measurable in degrees.

A

Phase difference

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27
Q

Hver er formúla wave length?

A 
Propagation speed (m/s) / Frequency (Hz)
(progagation speed er alltaf 300.000.000)
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28
Q

Radio waves travel at the speed of..

A

light

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29
Q

EHF waves appear in the frequency spectrum..

A

30 Ghz - 300 Ghz

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30
Q

Frequency is the..

A

number of cycles per second

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31
Q

Hver er mælieining frequency?

A

Hz

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32
Q

What term describes maximum deflection in an oscillation?

A

amplitude

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33
Q

Speed of a radio wave is

a) 300.000 m/s
b) 300.000 km/s

A

b) 300.000 km/s

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34
Q

Maximum deflection of a wave is called it’s..

A

amplitude

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35
Q

The first symbol (ITU categorization) indicates the..

A

type of modulation of the main carrier

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36
Q

Skilgreining á hverju er þetta?: Distance travelled by a radio wave during one cycle of transmission.

A

Wavelength

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37
Q

Radar uses __ modulation

38
Q

Skilgreining á hverju er þetta?: The fraction of one wavelength expressed in degrees from 000° to 360°.

39
Q

Information is added onto the carrier wave (modulation) by altering the ___ of the carrier wave

40
Q

Modulation means the addition of a low/high frequency signal (tone, voice) onto a high frequency carrier wave.

41
Q

Er Parabolic antenna directional?

42
Q

What is meant by keying A1A modulation?

a) interrupting the carrier wave to break it into dots and dashes.
b) interrupting the modulating signal to break it into dots and dashes.

A

a) interrupting the carrier wave to break it into dots and dashes.

43
Q

From which physical phenomenon do skywaves originate?

a. diffraction
b. interference
c. refraction

A

c. refraction

44
Q

Radio waves in the VHF and higher frequency bands propagate mainly as:

a. surface waves.
b. sky waves.
c. space waves.

A

c. space waves.

45
Q

In accordance with the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) a radio signal may be classified b\ three symbols. Second symbol indicates (e.g. A1A):

a. Type of modulation of the main carrier.
b. Type of modulation of the secondary carrier.
c. Type of information to be transmitted.
d. Nature of signal(s) modulating the main carrier.

A

d. Nature of signal(s) modulating the main carrier.

46
Q

Hvaða tíðni er hæst? En næst hæst?

a) SHF
b) EHF
c) UHF

A

b) EHF hæst

a) SHF er næst hæst

47
Q

In accordance with the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) a radio signal may be classified b\ three symbols. Third symbol indicates (e.g. A1A):

a. Type of information to be transmitted.
b. Type of modulation of the secondary carrier.
c. Type of modulation of the main carrier.
d. Nature of signal(s) modulating the main carrier.

A

a. Type of information to be transmitted.

48
Q

The ASMR operates in the …… band, the antenna rotates at …… rpm can …… distinguish between aircraft types.

a. UHF, 120, never
b. SHF, 60, sometimes
c. UHF, 120, sometimes
d. SHF, 60, always

A

b. SHF, 60, sometimes

49
Q

Keying: Interrupting the ___ to break it into dots and dashes.

A

carrier wave

50
Q

Hvað kallast þetta?: “A complete series of values of a periodical process”

51
Q

Hver er hraði radio wave?

A

300 000 000 m/sek (eða 160 000 nm/sek)

52
Q

Hvað er þetta? “Number of complete cycles occuring in one second”

53
Q

Hverjir eru þrír flokkar “ardio signal classification”?

A
  1. Type of modulation
  2. Nature of the modulation signal
  3. Type of information
54
Q

Hvað kallast: “Distance travelled by a radio wave during one cycle of transmission”?

A

Wavelength

55
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir ionospheric attenuation with lower frequency?

56
Q

Notar DME Doppler principle?

57
Q

Notar MTS Doppler principle?

A

já, líka GPS, VOR og turbulence mode of AWR.

58
Q

__ wave is the only propagation path of practical use for VHF/UHF.

59
Q

Hvað kallast hornið milli space wave og sky wave?

A

critical angle

60
Q

Skip distance increases with __ frequency and lower/higher position of the reflecting ionospheric layer.

A

higher, higher.

61
Q

Hvað kallast þetta?: “Change in the direction of a radio wave occurs as it reaches the boundary between two different media”

A

reflection

62
Q

Hvað kallast þetta?: “The process by which the radio waves travel over and around the obstacles”?

A

Diffraction

63
Q

Hvað kallast þetta?: “Change in direction of a radio wave occuring due to a change in it’s speed”.

A

Refraction

64
Q

Sky waves: Electromagnetic waves refracted from the _ and _ layers of the ionosphere.

65
Q

Hvað kallast “the range from the transmitter to the first sky wave”?

A

skip distance

66
Q

Hvað kallast þetta? “Interference of the sky wave with the ground wave”?

67
Q

Hvað kallast “superimposition of two radio waves of the same frequency”?

A

interference

68
Q

Hvaða orð er notað yfir “how radio signal loses strength as range increases”?

A

Attenuation

69
Q

The Ionosphere’s vertical extent can be split into 3 layers: _, _ and _ layers and their depth varies with time.

70
Q

The frequency at which sky waves should least affect reception: a) MF b) VLF c) HF d) LF

71
Q

How is amplitude modulation accomplished?

a) The information added onto the carrier wave by interrupting the carrier wave.
b) The information added onto the carrier wave by altering the amplitude of the carrier wave.

A

b) The information added onto the carrier wave by altering the amplitude of the carrier wave.

72
Q

Glide path er VHF/UHF, localiser er VHF/UHF

A

Glide path er UHF, localiser er VHF (úr tíma)

73
Q

Which is true?

a) continuous wave transmission can either be frequency or amplitude modulated
b) continuous wave transmission varies only in amplitude

A

a) continuous wave transmission can either be frequency or amplitude modulated

74
Q

The term phase difference can be defined as:

a) angular difference between corresponding points of two cycles of equal wave length, which is measurable in degrees.
b) The fraction of one wavelength expressed in degrees from 000° - 360°

A

a) angular difference between corresponding points of two cycles of equal wave length, which is measurable in degrees.

75
Q

Which statement is true?

a) The attenuation of an HF ground is worse over land than over ice
b) The lower the frequency the greater the ionospheric attenuation

A

b) The lower the frequency the greater the ionospheric attenuation

76
Q

Hvort er phase og hvort er phase difference?

a) The angular distance between the corresponding points of two cycles of equal wavelength, which is measurable in degrees
b) The fraction of one wavelength expressed in degrees from 000° - 360°

A

Phase: The fraction of one wavelength expressed in degrees from 000° - 360°
Phase difference: The angular distance between the corresponding points of two cycles of equal wavelength, which is measurable in degrees

77
Q

The VDF class A bearing is accurate to within _°.

78
Q

One of the uses of the VDF service is providing aircraft with h___.

79
Q

The minimum airborne equipment required for operation of a VHF direction finder is a

a) VHF transmitter-receiver operating in the 118 MHz to 136 MHz range.
b) VHF receiver operating in the 118 MHz to 136 MHz range.

A

a) VHF transmitter-receiver operating in the 118 MHz to 136 MHz range

80
Q

Which of the following affects VDF range?

a) Coastal refraction
b) The height of the transmitter and of the receiver
c) Sky wave propagation

A

b) The height of the transmitter and of the receiver.

81
Q

The VDF class C bearing is accurate to within _°.

82
Q

VDF measures the bearing of the aircraft with

a) reference only to magnetic north at the aircraft
b) reference to true or magnetic north at the station

A

b) reference to true or magnetic north at the station

83
Q

In which one of the following circumstances is ground direction finding (VDF) likely to be used to fix an aircraft’s position?

a) when using the emergency VHF frequency 121.5 MHz
b) When contacting ATC to join controlled airspace from the open FIR

A

a) when using the emergency VHF frequency 121.5 MHz

84
Q

Which of the following is an advantage of Ground/DF (VDF) let-down?

a) it only requires a VHF radio to be fitted to the aircraft
b) It does not require any special equipment apart from a VHF radio, to be installed in the aircraft or on the ground.

A

a) it only requires a VHF radio to be fitted to the aircraft

85
Q

Hvað stendur VDF fyrir?

A

VHF direction finder

86
Q

What airborne equipment, if any, is required to be fitted in order that a VDF let-down may be flown?

A

VHF radio.

87
Q

The VDF class B bearing is accurate to within _°

88
Q

Ground direction finding at aerodromes utilises which frequencies? _HF at civil aerodromes and _HF at military aerodromes.

89
Q

An aeroplane requesting a VDF bearing should avoid __ during transmission.

90
Q

The VHF direction finder uses the following wavelengths:

a) decimetric b) centimetric c) metric d) hectometric

91
Q

To provide a pilot with the position of the aircraft in the absence of radar, ATC must have at its disposal at least

a) two co-located VDF’s, able to take bearings simultaneously on the transmitted frequency.
b) Two VDF’s at different locations, able to take bearings simultaneously on the transmitted frequency

A

b) Two VDF’s at different locations, able to take bearings simultaneously on the transmitted frequency

RNAV (8 decks)

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