Advise and Consult Flashcards
The importance of making records available prior to service?
They can be used to record:
-previous treatments
-their preferences
-allergies
-This can help save time during consultations and help to avoid mistakes.
Why is consent needed for client records?
In order to comply with General Data Protection Regulation, salons must have consent from their clients before storing any personal data.
The importance of accurate and complete records?
They help keep track of things like:
-allergies
-treatment history
-client preferences
-complaints.
They can also help protect a salon in case of any legal issues.
Importance of secure storage and security of client records?
Salons have a legal responsibility to protect clients’ personal information.
List 3 different methods of supplying visual aids to assist client consultation.
- Images (Portfolio or Lookbook)
- Colour swatches
- Styling apps
Insurance: What does employers liability cover and is it compulsory?
Compulsory
It covers legal and compensation costs if employees suffer work-related injuries, illnesses, or mental health issues due to their job.
Insurance: What does public liability cover and is it compulsory?
Not Compulsory
It covers claims and legal costs if a client or member of the public suffers injury or property damage due to your business activities.
Insurance: What is professional indemnity and is it compulsory?
Not compulsory
It covers claims against hairdressers for mistakes, negligence, or advice that leads to client loss or harm
What is data protection?
Refers to the laws and policies that safeguard personal information.
For example: UK GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)
Legislation regarding Health and Safety?
Health and safety in hairdressing is governed by the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974, requiring employers to ensure the safety and welfare of staff and clients.
Legislation on equality?
Equality Act 2010 protects individuals from discrimination, harassment, and victimisation based on protected characteristics such as age, gender, race, disability, and more.
Classify the hair shaft.
Straight
-fine/thin
-medium
-coarse
-straight fine/thin 1a
-straight medium 1b
-straight coarse 1c
Classify the hair shaft.
Wavy
-fine/thin
-medium
-coarse
Wavy
-fine/thin 2a
-medium 2b
-coarse 2c
Classify the hair shaft.
Curly
-fine/thin
-medium
-coarse
Curly
-fine/thin 3a
-medium 3b
-coarse 3c
Classify the hair shaft.
Very Curly
-fine/thin
-medium
-coarse
Very Curly
-fine/thin 4a
-medium 4b
-coarse 4c
What is hair density?
The number of hair strands on the scalp
What is hair texture?
Refers to the natural shape or pattern of the hair strands, such as straight, wavy, curly, or coily.
What is porosity?
The hair’s ability to absorb and retain moisture, determined by the condition of the hair cuticle. High porosity means the cuticles are raised or damaged, allowing moisture to enter and escape easily, while low porosity means the cuticles are flat, making it harder for moisture to penetrate and stay in the hair.
Elasticity?
Refers to the hair’s ability to stretch and return to its original shape without breaking.
Growth patterns?
Refers to the direction in which hair naturally grows from the scalp. Eg. cowlicks
Head, face shape and size?
The shape of the face (e.g., oval, round, square, heart, or long) affects how hairstyles and haircuts frame the face. The size of the head can influence the appearance of different hairstyles, determining which styles complement or balance the facial features best.
Previous services?
-colouring, perming, relaxing, or chemical treatments.
These services can impact the current condition of the hair, including its health, texture, porosity, and colour.
Epidermis
Outer layer of skin
Dermis
Layer beneath epidermis, contains blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue
Subcutaneous layer
Deepest layer of skin made of fat and connective tissue.
Sensory nerve endings
Nerve detectors in skin detect touch, pressure, temperature and pain.
Blood supply
Network of blood vessels in dermis providing oxygen and nutrients to the skin.
Sebaceous gland
Produces and secretes sebum, an oily substance that lubricates and protects the skin
Dermal papilla
A tiny bump in the skin under a hair follicle. It helps control hair growth by giving the follicle nutrients and signals it needs to grow hair.
Sweat gland
A tiny gland in your skin that makes sweat. Sweat helps cool your body down when you’re hot and gets rid of some waste.
Arrector pili muscle
A tiny muscle in your skin attached to a hair. When it tightens, it makes the hair stand up, causing “goosebumps.”
Hair Follicle
A little tube in your skin where hair grows. It’s like a pocket that holds the hair root and helps it grow.
Hair shaft
The part of the hair you can see above your skin. It’s made of dead cells and keratin, a strong protein, and it’s what makes up the visible hair on your body.
Hair bulb
The rounded part at the bottom of a hair inside the skin. It’s where the hair grows, getting nutrients from the dermal papilla to stay healthy and strong.
The cuticle
The outer layer of a hair strand. It’s made of tiny, overlapping cells, like roof tiles, that protect the inside of the hair and keep it smooth and shiny.
The cortex
The thick middle layer of a hair strand. It gives hair its strength, colour, and shape (straight or curly). It’s like the core of the hair.
The medulla
The inner layer of a hair strand, found in thicker hairs. Not all hairs have a medulla!
Describe the hair growth cycle stages.
Pre-anagen (Resting Start): This is like a reset stage where the hair follicle gets ready to grow a new hair.
Anagen (Growth): The hair actively grows during this stage. It can last years, depending on the person.
Catagen (Transition): The hair stops growing and the follicle shrinks. This stage is short, like a pause before the hair falls out.
Telogen (Rest): The hair rests before falling out, making space for a new hair to start growing.
Alopecia
When a person loses hair, which can happen in small patches or all over the body. It can be caused by things like genetics, immune system problems, or stress.
Traction alopecia
Hair loss caused by too much pulling or tension on the hair. This can happen from hairstyles that are too tight.
Male pattern baldness
A common type of hair loss in men. It usually starts with a receding hairline or thinning at the top of the head and can progress to bald spots.
Female pattern baldness
A type of hair loss that happens in women, usually as they age. Unlike male pattern baldness, it often causes overall thinning of hair rather than bald spots.
Loss due to chemotherapy
Happens because chemotherapy drugs target fast-growing cells, including cancer cells and hair cells. This can cause hair to fall out.
Impetigo
A highly contagious skin infection caused by bacteria.
-Contraindication
-Contagious through direct contact or shared tools.
Folliculitis
An inflammation of the hair follicles, often caused by infection.
-Not a strict contraindication, but if it is severe or infectious, it is best to avoid hair services until it has healed.
Boils, furuncles, and carbuncles
Painful, infected lumps that form under the skin, often due to bacteria. -Contraindication
-Contagious through direct contact or contaminated tools.
Sycosis barbae (barber’s itch)
A deep infection of the hair follicles in the beard area, usually caused by bacteria or fungi.
-Contraindication
-Contagious through direct contact or shared equipment.
Ringworm
A fungal infection that can affect the scalp and other parts of the body.
-Contraindication
-Highly contagious through direct contact or contaminated tools and equipment.
Warts
Small, rough growths on the skin caused by virus.
-Contraindication if they are located on the scalp or areas that may come into direct contact with tools and equipment.
-Contagious with direct contact.
Chickenpox and shingles
Caused by a virus.
Contraindication as highly contagious.
Herpes Simplex
A viral infection that causes cold sores or blisters, usually around the mouth (HSV-1) or genital area (HSV-2).
-Contraindication when active sores or blisters are present.
-highly contagious and can spread through direct contact or contaminated tools.
Scabies
Caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin.
-Contraindication
-Highly contagious and spreads through close contact or shared items like towels or combs.
Head lice (pediculosis capitis)
Tiny insects that live in hair and feed on blood from the scalp.
-Contraindication
-Highly contagious and can spread through direct contact or shared tools like combs and brushes.
Nits (head lice eggs)
The eggs laid by head lice and are attached to hair strands.
-Contraindication for hairdressing services because they indicate an active or recent lice infestation, which is contagious.
sebaceous cyst
A small lump under the skin filled with oily material.
-Not a contraindication unless the cyst is inflamed, infected, or in a location that could be irritated during the service.
-Not contagious
Psoriasis
Skin condition that causes red, scaly patches on the skin, including the scalp. -Not usually a contraindication, but extra care should be taken to avoid irritating the affected areas and if severe or the skin is cracked and bleeding, it may be better to wait.
-Not contagious
Contact dermatitis
A skin condition caused by an allergic reaction or irritation from contact with certain substances.
-Contraindication only if the skin is inflamed, itchy, or broken, as this could worsen the condition or cause discomfort. Should otherwise use gentle products and techniques.
-Not contagious
Seborrhoea
A condition that causes excessive oiliness of the skin and scalp.
-Not a contraindication, but it may require extra care.
-Not contagious
Ingrown hairs
When hair grows back into the skin, causing small, red bumps that can be irritated or infected.
-Not usually a contraindication, but care should be taken to avoid aggravating the affected areas.
Acne
-not usually a contraindication, but extra care should be taken to avoid irritating the affected areas.
Dandruff (pityriasis capitis)
-not a contraindication , but extra care can be taken to manage and reduce flakes.
Over-processed hair
-not a contraindication, but it requires extra care and gentle handling to prevent further damage.
Fragilitas crinium (split ends)
-Not a contraindication, but it does indicate that the hair is weak and may need special care.
Trichorrhexis nodosa
A condition where the hair becomes weak and forms nodules or bumps along the hair shaft, often due to damage from excessive brushing, chemical treatments, or heat.
-Not a contraindication, but it requires special care.
-Not contagious
Monilethrix
A rare genetic condition that causes the hair to be weak and brittle, with a beaded or “necklace-like” appearance along the hair shaft. This results in hair that breaks easily and may lead to patchy hair loss.
-Generally a contraindication because the hair is more prone to damage and breakage. It’s important to handle the hair very gently and avoid any chemical treatments or harsh styling practices.
-Not contagious
What is an allergy skin test?
An allergy skin test involves applying a small amount of hair colour product to the client’s skin, usually behind the ear or on the inner elbow, 48 hours before the treatment in order to test for reaction.
What is a developmental strand test?
A developmental strand test involves applying hair colour or chemical treatment to a small section of the client’s hair to see how it reacts. It helps determine the final result, processing time, and whether the hair can safely handle the treatment without damage.
What is a colour test?
A colour test checks how a client’s hair reacts to a specific colour product. It involves applying the product to a small strand of hair to see the final shade, coverage, and compatibility with the client’s existing hair colour and condition.
What is test cutting?
Test cutting means cutting a small strand of hair and applying colour or chemical treatments to it separately in order to see how the hair responds to the product without affecting the rest of the hair.
What is a curl development test?
A curl development test is done during perming to check how well the hair is forming curls. It involves unrolling a perm rod from a small section of hair during the processing stage to ensure the desired curl is developing correctly and to see if the process is complete.
What is an incompatibility test?
An incompatibility test checks for chemical reactions between previous treatments and new treatments or products. It involves applying a small amount of the new product to a strand of hair to see if there are any adverse reactions, like heat, fizzing, or discolouration.
What is an elasticity test?
An elasticity test looks at the strength and flexibility of the hair by gently stretching a strand when wet. Healthy hair can stretch and return to its original length, while damaged hair may break or fail to bounce back. This shows whether hair is healthy enough to have a chemical treatment or styling.
What is a porosity test?
A porosity test shows how well the hair can absorb and retain moisture or products. Run fingers along a strand from the ends to the roots; roughness shows high porosity, while smoothness shows low porosity. This helps to know the hair’s condition and how it will respond to treatments.
What is a pull test for hair extensions?
A pull test for hair extensions involves gently pulling the hair to check how well the extensions are attached.
What are the legal implications for failing to carry out testing?
Not doing tests could lead to legal consequences, like lawsuits or compensation costs.
How to store perm solution and neutraliser?
-Dry room
-Room temperature
-Separate to other chemicals
How to store permanent colour?
-Avoid Heat
-Well ventilated area, especially for ammonia-based products.
How to store Bleach/Lighteners?
-Store powder lighteners in a sealed container in a dry place to prevent clumping or activation from moisture.
-Away from Heat, as some powder bleaches are combustible.
Health and Safety at Work Act (HASAWA).
-Employer’s Responsibility?
-Employee’s Responsibility?
Employer’s Responsibilities
-Provide a safe, clean workplace and maintain equipment.
-Conduct risk assessments and offer health and safety training.
-Supply PPE (e.g., gloves) and establish emergency procedures.
Employee’s Responsibilities
-Follow safety guidelines and use PPE.
-Report hazards or faulty equipment.
-Use tools and chemicals safely and keep work areas clean.
