Adverse events in childhood Flashcards
Most common childhood adversity found in the WHO world mental health study initiative
Parental death
Proportion of children with a childhood adversity who had more than one adversity in the WHO world mental health study initiative
2/3
Type of childhood adversity found to most increase the risk of adult mental illness in the WHO world mental health study initiative
Adversities related to maladaptive family functioning
Average age of victims of childhood sexual abuse
9-11
Percentage of perpetrators of child sexual abuse who are male
90%
Most prevalent form of childhood maltreatment
Neglect
Percentage of childhood abuse cases reported which are for neglect
60%
Percentage of childhood abuse cases reported which are for physical abuse
20%
Percentage of childhood abuse cases reported which are for sexual abuse
10%
Signs of possible childhood physical abuse
Unexplained injuries
Improbable reasons given for injuries
Refusal to discuss injuries
Untreated injuries
Delays in treatment to injuries
Excessive physical punishment
Signs of possible childhood neglect
Hunger
Poor hygiene
Constant tiredness
Poor clothing
Frequent lateness or non-attendance at school
Untreated medical issues
Signs of possible childhood emotional abuse
Low self esteem
Sudden speech issues
Self harm
Rocking or head banging
Signs of possible childhood sexual abuse
Over familiarity or fear of adults
Social isolation
Sleep issues
Running away
Unusual interest in genitals
Regression of behaviour
Over sexualised behaviour
Marks around the genital area/thighs
UTIs, STDs, pregnancy
Stained underwear
Age at which physical abuse of children most often starts
Adolescence
Parental risk factors for child physical abuse
Young age
Low IQ and poor education
Criminal record
Poor parenting skills
Experience of neglect or abuse as a child
Psychiatric issues
Single parent family
Substance abuse
Child risk factors for childhood physical abuse
Prematurity
Disability
Chronic illness
Difficult behaviour e.g. crying a lot
Family risk factors for childhood physical abuse
Families with many children
Housing issues
Domestic violence in the house
Poverty/low socioeconomic status
Relationship between socioeconomic status and childhood sexual abuse
No relationship but more likely to be found out in low socioeconomic families
Most common relationship involved in childhood sexual abuse
Stepfather and stepdaughter
Percentage of children affected by Munchausen’s by proxy who are under the age of 6
75%
Most likely parent perpetrating Munchausen’s by proxy
Mother
Average age of a child with Munchausen’s by proxy
4
Person who is given a diagnosis in Munchausen’s by proxy
The perpetrator
Three forms of presenting symptoms in Munchausen’s by proxy
Symptoms are induced by covert means
Symptoms are fabricated
Symptoms are real but are exaggerated
Three most frequently reported symptoms in Munchausen’s by proxy
Apnoea
Anorexia/difficulties in feeding
Diarrhoea
Most common form of child abuse
Neglect
Most lethal form of childhood abuse
Neglect
Percentage of childhood abuse perpetrators who are female
60%
Childhood abuse type most commonly associated with a female perpetrator
Neglect
Childhood abuse type most commonly associated with a male perpetrator
Sexual abuse
Types of childhood abuse that girls are more likely to experience
Sexual abuse
Neglect
Type of childhood abuse that boys are more likely to experience
Physical abuse
Percentage of childhood abuse perpetrators who were abused themselves as children
20%
Percentage of people who perpetrate Munchausen’s by proxy who are female
80%
Disorder most likely to be diagnosed in later life when the patient was sexually abused as a child
Personality disorder
Conditions associated with mild traumatic brain injury in children
Conduct disorder
Anxiety
Depression
ADHD
Time after the birth of a sibling when sibling rivalry usually emerges
In the first six months
