Advanced Higher Music: Styles

Question 1

Renaissance.

Answer 1

Music based on modes. Richer texture, with four or more independent melodic parts being performed simultaneously.

Question 2

Pavan

Answer 2

A Renaissance court dance with 2 beats in the bar.

Question 3

Galliard

Answer 3

A Renaissance court dance with 3 beats in the bar.

Question 4

Motet

Answer 4

A sacred choral work with Latin text and polyphonic texture, usually sung a cappella.

Question 5

Ayre/air

Answer 5

Song or simple melody, sometimes the title of a movement of a suite.

Question 6

Ballett

Answer 6

A type of madrigal in strophic form which was originally danced to. There is a fa-la-la refrain.

Question 7

Madrigal

Answer 7

A Renaissance, non-religious work, polyphonic in style, using imitation.

Question 8

Anthem

Answer 8

Short sacred choral piece sung in English. Sometimes sung by a choir unaccompanied and sometimes accompanied by organ, featuring solo parts.

Question 9

Chorale

Answer 9

A German hymn tune, written in four parts for soprano, alto, tenor and bass.

Question 10

Nationalist

Answer 10

Music which incorporates elements of folk music of the composer’s country.

Question 11

NeoClassical

Answer 11

From about 1929, composers reacted against Romanticism returning to the structures and styles of earlier periods, combined with dissonant, tonal and even atonal harmonies.

Question 12

Serial

Answer 12

A 20th-century method of musical composition invented by Schoenberg in which the 12 notes of the chromatic scale are organised into a series or tone row/note row.

Question 13

Contemporary Jazz

Answer 13

Contemporary jazz is an umbrella term for all kinds of jazz music being played now – as well as jazz music of the 80s, 90s, 00s & 10s.

Question 14

EDM

Answer 14

Electronic dance music is normally heard in clubs where the DJ combines tracks electronically into one smooth mix. It can encompass music of different genres including house music, dubstep, drum and bass.

Question 15

Plainchant

Answer 15

Unaccompanied melody set to the Latin words of the Roman Catholic liturgy. Modal with no regular metre.

Question 16

Oratorio

Answer 16

An oratorio is a large scale work without acting or stage design. It is usually based on a story from the Bible set to music for solo singers, chorus and orchestra. Oratorios often include recitatives, arias and choruses.

Question 17

Mass

Answer 17

A large scale, sacred work sung in Latin for solo singers, chorus and orchestra. The five main sections are Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei.

Question 18

Recitative

Answer 18

A type of vocal writing where the music follows the rhythm of speech. A recitative is often followed by an aria.

Question 19

Sonata

Answer 19

A work for solo piano, or solo instrument and piano, often in three or four movements.

Question 20

Chamber Music

Answer 20

Music written for a small instrumental ensemble with one player to a part.

Question 21

String Quartet

Answer 21

Two violins, a viola and a cello.

Question 22

Lied

Answer 22

A German song from the Romantic period for voice and piano in which both parts are important.

Question 23

Impressionist

Answer 23

A 20th century style where brief musical ideas merge and change to create a rather blurred and vague outline.

Question 24

Musique concrete

Answer 24

20th century style of composition using pre-recorded live sounds, for example, a creaking door. These sounds are then edited by simple editing techniques such as cutting and re-assembling, playing backwards, slowing down and speeding up.

Question 25

Jazz Funk

Answer 25

A combination of jazz improvisation and the amplified instruments and character of rock.

Question 26

Soul Music

Answer 26

A style of Afro-American popular music including elements of blues and gospel and conveying strong emotions.