Advanced Course 4 Flashcards
without
sans
without saying a word
(without to say)
sans dire un mot
without saying a word, he left
(without to say a word, he is left)
sans dire un mot, il est parti
seeing is believing
(to see it is to believe)
voir c’est croire
the richness
la richesse
the richness of the English language
la richesse de la langue anglaise
a large vocabulary
un grand vocabulaire
a great variety
une grande variété
to guess
deviner
to understand everything is to forgive everything
(saying in French)
tout comprendre c’est tout pardonner
I don’t agree
je ne suis pas d’accord
of agreement / OK
d’accord
communication
communication
to communicate
communiquer
discouraged
découragé
to die
mourir
he’s selling the house
il vend la maison
he was selling the house
(direct past)
il vendait la maison
he (has) sold the house
il a vendu la maison
he’s been selling the house for a long time
il vend la maison depuis long temps
the house is sold
la maison est vendu
the house was sold
la maison été vendu
the house has been sold
la maison a été vendu
he will sell the house
il vendra la maison
he’s going to sell the house
il va vendre la maison
the house will be sold
la maison sera vendu
the house is going to be sold
la maison va être vendu
he would sell the house
il vendrait la maison
the house would be sold
la maison serait vendu
if I had sold the house
si j’avais vendu la maison
if the house had been sold
si la maison avait été vendu
he would have sold the house
il aurait vendu la maison
the house would have been sold
la maison aurait été vendu
he will have sold the house
il aura vendu la maison
the house will have been sold
la maison aura été vendu
we would be ready
nous serions prêt
we would have been ready
nous aurions été prêt
I have gone ⇒ I am gone
(for the verbs of coming and going, use the verb ‘to be’)
je suis allé
I went to see it last night
(I am gone to see it)
je suis allé le voir hier soir
we went
(we are gone)
nous sommes allés
he went
(he is gone)
il est allé
they went
(they are gone)
ils sont allés
you went
(you are gone)
vous êtes allé
where did you go?
(where are you gone?)
où êtes-vous allé?
I didn’t go
(I am not gone)
je ne suis pas allé
he came
(he is come)
il est venu
to return
(to come back)
revenir
he came back
(he is returned)
il est revenu
we came back
(we are returned)
nous sommes revenus
at what time did you come back?
(are you returned?)
à quelle heure êtes-vous revenu?
they came back
(they are returned)
ils sont revenus
he hasn’t come back yet
(he is not returned)
il n’est pas revenu encore
he is not yet returned
il n’est pas encore revenu
to go out / to come out
sortir
the ‘going’ group:
to go, to leave, to go out
aller, partir, sortir
we went out last night
(we is gone out)
nous sommes sortis hier soir
where did you go?
(where are you gone?)
où êtes-vous allé?
he left a few minutes ago
(there are a few minutes)
il est parti il y a quelques minutes
the ‘coming’ group:
to come, to come back, to return, to arrive
venir, revenir, retourner, arriver
we arrived
(we are arrived)
nous sommes arrivés
at what time did you arrive?
à quelle heure êtes-vous arrivé?
he hasn’t arrived yet
il n’est pas arrivé encore
he hasn’t yet arrived
il n’est pas encore arrivé
to enter / to go in
entrer
he came in / he went in
il est entré
to go back in / to go back home
rentrer
at what time did you get home last night?
à quelle huere êtes-vous rentré hier soir?
he hasn’t come home yet
il n’est pas rentré encore
he hasn’t yet come home
il n’est pas encore rentré
to go up / to climb
monter
I went up
je suis monté
we went up
nous sommes montés
they came up
ils sont montés
to go down / to come down
descendre
I went down
je suis descendu
he came down
il est descendu
to stay / to remain
(treated as a ‘coming’ and ‘going’ verb)
rester
I stayed
(I am stayed)
je suis resté
how long did you stay?
combien de temps êtes-vous resté?
we didn’t stay long
nous ne sommes pas resté long temps
we left right after dinner
nous sommes partis tout de suite après le dîner
we went to a movie
nous sommes allé un cinéma
we came home very late
nous sommes rentrés très tard
to bring up / to take up / to carry up
(when used in combination with avoir)
monter
the bellboy (boy)
le garçon
my suitcase
ma valise
the bellboy went up and he carried up my suitcase
le garçon est monté et il a monté ma valise
to bring down / to take down / to carry down
(when used in combination with avoir)
descendre
he came down
il est descendu
he carried down my suitcase
il a descendu ma valise
to lift up, to raise
lever
I’m lifting it up.
Je le lève.
I’m getting up.
Je me lève.
We’re getting up.
Nous nous levons.
You’re getting up.
(formal)
Vous vous levez.
himself, herself, itself
se
He’s getting up.
Il se lève.
They’re getting up.
Ils se lèvent.
It’s getting up.
Ça se lève.
You’re getting up.
(casual)
Tu te lèves.
heavy
lourd
I can’t lift it up.
Je ne peux pas le lever.
Because it’s too heavy.
Parce que c’est trop lourd.
Will you lift it up?
Voulez-vous le lever?
Lift it up.
(formal)
Levez le.
Don’t lift it up!
Ne le levez pas!
Get up.
(formal)
Levez vous.
Don’t get up.
(formal)
Ne vous levez pas.
Remain seated.
Restez assis.
Don’t bother.
Ne vous dérangez pas.
I’m going to get up soon.
Je vais me lever bientôt.
We’re going to get up soon.
Nous allons nous lever bientôt.
One is going to get up.
On va se lever.
to hurry
se dépêcher
I’m hurrying.
Je me dépêche.
I’m in a hurry.
Je suis pressé.
I’m hurrying because I’m in a hurry.
Je me dépêche parce que je suis pressé.
We’re hurrying because we are in a hurry.
Nous nous dépêchons parce que nous sommes pressés.
Hurry up because one is in a hurry.
(formal)
Dépêchez vous parce que on est pressé.
to ask
demander
I’m asking you.
(formal)
Je vous demande.
I was asking you.
(formal)
Je vous demandais.
I have asked you.
(formal)
Je vous ai demandé.
to call
appeler
to call back
rappeler
Will you call me back?
Voulez-vous me rappeler?
I call you back later.
Je vous rappelle plus tard.
I call you back tomorrow.
Je vous rappelle demain.
I will call you back tomorrow.
Je vous rappellerai demain.
I recall to myself;
I remember
Je me rappelle.
I don’t remember.
Je ne me rappelle pas.
I’m asking you.
Je vous demande.
I ask myself;
I wonder.
Je me demande.
I wonder why.
Je me demande pourquoi.
I was wondering why.
Je me demandais pourquoi.
I have asked you.
Je vous ai demandé.
For the past tense of the reflexive verb for oneself, we use the verb être for the diving board and not avoir :
I myself have …
je me suis…
not
je m’ai
I have lifted it up.
Je l’ai levé.
I have lifted myself up;
I got up.
Je me suis levé.
to say ;
to tell
dire
I say to myself.
Je me dis.
I have told you.
Je vous ai dit.
I have told myself ;
I said to myself.
Je me suis dit.
I’m hurrying.
Je me dépêche.
I was hurrying.
Je me dépêchais.
I have hurried ;
I hurried.
Je me suis dépêché.
We have hurried ;
We hurried.
Nous nous sommes dépêchés.
I have wondered why.
Je me suis demandé pourquoi.
it is necessary that
(used with the subjunctive)
il faut que
It’s necessary that I ask you ;
I need to ask you.
Il faut que je vous demande.
(subjunctive and present tense for je, tu, il, and ils are identical for -er verbs)
It’s necessary that I speak French ;
I need to speak French.
Il faut que je parle français.
(subjunctive and present tense for je, tu, il, and ils are identical for -er verbs)
It’s necessary that I stay here ;
I need to stay here.
Il faut que je reste ici.
(subjunctive and present tense for je, tu, il, and ils are identical for -er verbs)
It is necessary that we stay ;
We need to stay.
Il faut que nous restions.
(subjunctive used for nous and vous is identical to the imperfect ‘wing’ tense)
not restons
It’s necessary that you stay ;
You need to stay.
Il faut que vous restiez.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that you speak French ;
You need to speak French.
Il faut que vous parliez français.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that we leave now ;
We need to leave now.
Il faut que nous partions maintenant.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that you start ;
You need to start.
Il faut que vous commenciez.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that I stay ;
I need to stay.
Il faut que je reste.
(the final consonant of the subjunctive for je, tu, il, and ils is always sounded even if it is not an -er verb)
I’m speaking.
Je parle.
I’m leaving.
Je pars.
It is necessary that I leave ;
I need to leave.
Il faut que je parte.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that I wait ;
I need to wait.
Il faut que j’attende.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that I finish ;
I need to finish.
Il faut que je finisse.
(the subjunctive for je, tu, il, and ils always sounds like the present tense of ils for non -er verbs)
It’s necessary that we finish ;
We need to finish.
Il faut que nous finissions.
(subjunctive)
to put ;
to place
mettre
It is necessary that you put it on the table.
Il faut que vous le mettiez sur la table.
(subjunctive)
It’s very easy.
C’est très facile.
It’s necessary for me to tell you.
Il faut que je vous dise.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary for me to read it.
Il faut que je le lise.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that I write to you.
Il faut que je vous écrive.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that you write to me.
Il faut que vous m’écriviez.
(subjunctive)
I want.
Je veux.
I would like.
Je voudrais.
I want that you stay here.
Je veux que vous restiez ici.
(use subjunctive for wants and desires)
What do you want that I tell you?
Qu’est-ce que vous voulez que je vous dise?
(subjunctive)
I would like that you tell me.
Je voudrais que vous me disiez.
(subjunctive)
I want that you read it.
Je veux que vous le lisiez.
(subjunctive)
I want that you write to me.
Je veux que vous m’écriviez.
(subjunctive)
They’re coming from Vienna.
Ils viennent de Vienne.
Do you want that I come with you?
Voulez-vous que je vienne avec vous?
(subjunctive)
At what time do you want that I leave?
À quelle heure voulez-vous que je parte?
(subjunctive)
Where do you want that I put it?
Où voulez-vous que je le mette?
(subjunctive)
they take
ils prennent
Do you want that I take it?
Voulez-vous que je le prenne?
(subjunctive)
the four exceptions of the present tense for ils that do not end in ent :
avoir: ils ont
être: ils sont
aller: ils vont
faire: ils font
I am
je suis
I be
je sois
(subjunctive)
the subjunctive of être for je, tu, il, ils
(je) sois
(tu) sois
(il) soit
(ils) soient
subjunctive of être for nous and vous :
(nous) soyons
(vous) soyez
At what time do you want that I be here?
À quelle heure voulez-vous que je sois ici?
(subjunctive)
I would like it that you be ready.
Je voudrais que vous soyez prêt.
(subjunctive)
I have
j’ai
subjunctive of avoir for je, tu, il, ils :
(j’) aie
(tu) aies
(il) ait
(ils) aient
subjunctive of avoir for nous and vous :
(nous) ayons
(vous) ayez
to go
aller
subjunctive of aller for je, tu, and il :
(j’) aille
(tu) aillles
(il) aille
(ils) aillent
Do you want that I go there with you?
Voulez-vous que j’y aille avec vous?
(subjunctive)
over there
là bas
At what time do you want that I go there?
À quelle heure voulez-vous que j’y aille?
subjunctive of aller for nous and vous :
nous allions
vous alliez
I would like that you go there with me.
Je voudrais que vous y alliez avec moi.
(subjunctive)
subjunctive of faire for je :
(je) fasse
the subjunctive of faire for the whole short box :
(je) fasse
(tu) fasses
(il) fasse
(ils) fassent
subjunctive of faire for nous and vous :
(nous) fassions
(vous) fassiez
What do you want that I do?
Qu’est-ce que vous voulez que je fasse?
(subjunctive)
What do you want that I tell you?
Qu’est-ce que vous voulez que je vous dise?
(subjunctive)
Why don’t you want that I do it?
Pourquoi ne voulez-vous pas que je le fasse?
(subjunctive)
What do you want that I tell him?
Qu’est-ce que vous voulez que je lui dise?
(subjunctive)
I don’t want that you do it.
Je ne veux pas que vous le fassiez.
(subjunctive)
Why don’t you want that I do it?
Pourquoi ne voulez-vous pas que je le fasse?
(subjunctive)
they know
ils savent
subjunctive of savoir for the short box :
sache
subjunctive of savoir for the long box :
(vous) sachiez
(nous) sachions
It’s necessary for me to know it ;
I need to know it.
Il faut que je le sache.
(subjunctive)
It’s necessary that we know it ;
We need to know it.
Il faut que nous le sachions.
(subjunctive)
I would like that you know it.
Je voudrais que vous le sachiez.
(subjunctive)
I can
je peux
May I …?
Puis-je …?
May I see it?
Puis-je le voir?
subjunctive of pouvoir for the short box :
puisse
I hope that he may be able to come with us.
J’espère qu’il puisse venir avec nous.
(subjunctive)
before
avant
(advance)
Before that I do it …
Avant que je le fasse…
(subjunctive)
Before that I tell you …
Avant que je vous dise…
(subjunctive)
Before that I leave …
Avant que je parte…
(subjunctive)
I have left.
Je suis parti.
Before that I have left … ;
Before I left …
Avant que je sois parti…
(past subjunctive)
Before that we start …
Avant que nous commencions…
(subjunctive)
Before that we have started … ;
Before we started …
Avant que nous ayons commencé…
(past subjunctive)
