Advanced Course 3 Flashcards by Emily Nilsen

to have

avoir

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I had / I was having

j’avais

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I will have

(it has to hang off an ‘r’)

j’aurai

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sound of the endings for ‘will’

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sound of the endings for ‘would’

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he will have

il aura

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they will have

ils auront

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we will have

nous aurons

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you will have

vous aurez

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I would have

(also hangs of the same ‘r’)

j’aurais

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he would have

il aurait

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they would have

ils auraient

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we would have

nous aurions

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you would have

vous auriez

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I would have it

je l’aurais

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we would have it

nous l’aurions

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we would have them

nous les aurions

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we would have bought them

(clear the board and then dive)

nous les aurions acheté

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I was

j’étais

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he was

il était

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he had

il avait

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he would have

il aurait

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he will have

il aura

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seen

(diving with ‘oir’ verbs are normally done with a short ‘u’)

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already seen

déjà vu

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I saw it

je l’ai vu

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if I had seen it

si je l’avais vu

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if I had seen it, I would have bought it

si je l’avais vu, je l’aurais acheté

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known

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if I had known it

si je l’avais su

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I would have told you

je vous aurais dit

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if I had known it, I would have told you

si je l’avais su, je vous aurais dit

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if you had told me

si vous m’aviez dit

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I would have seen it

je l’aurais vu

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I would have seen it and I would have bought it

je l’aurais vu et je l’aurais acheté

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he wouldn’t have waited

il n’aurait pas attendu

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you wouldn’t wait

vous ne attendriez pas

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we wouldn’t wait

nous ne attendrions pas

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he would sell it

il le vendrait

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he would have sold it

il l’aurait vendu

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I did it

je l’ai fait

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I didn’t do it

je ne l’ai pas fait

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why did you do it?

pourquoi l’avez-vous fait?

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why didn’t you do it?

pourquoi ne l’avez-vous pas fait?

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I told you

je vous ai dit

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I didn’t tell you

je ne vous ai pas dit

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you didn’t tell me

vous ne m’avez pas dit

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why didn’t you tell me?

pourquoi ne m’avez-vous pas dit?

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was

(short box - imperfect tense)

j’ étais

tu étais

il était

ils étaient

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was

(long box - imperfect tense)

(nous) étions
(vous) étiez

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had

(short box - imperfect tense)

j’avais

tu avais

il avait

ils avaient

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had

(long box - imperfect tense)

(vous) aviez
(nous) avions

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would have

(short box - conditional)

j’aurais

tu aurais

il aurait

ils auraient

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would have

(long box - conditional)

(nous) aurions
(vous) auriez

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I was busy

j’étais occupé

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he was not here

il ne était pas ici

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who was there last night?

qui était là hier soir?

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nobody was there

personne était là

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I was there with my friend

j’étais là avec mon ami

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but you were not there

mais vous ne étiez pas là

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where were you last night?

où étiez-vous hier soir?

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I was very busy and I didn’t have the time to do it

(had not)

j’étais très occupè et je n’avais pas le temps de le faire

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I have had

(diving with ‘oir’ verbs become short ‘u’ sounds)

j’ai eu

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known

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diving board of ‘pouvoir’

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diving board of ‘devoir’

dû

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seen

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seen

vs.

you

vs.

vous

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have you seen…? / did you see…?

avez-vous vu?

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did you see it?

l’avez-vous vu?

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where have you seen me?

où m’avez-vous vu?

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I was there last night, but I have not seen you

j’étais là hier soir, mais je ne vous ai pas vu

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where were you?

où étiez-vous?

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I have not seen you

je ne vous ai pas vu

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I had / I was having

j’avais

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I would have

j’aurais

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I have seen it

(low diving board)

je l’ai vu

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had

(short box - medium diving board)

avais, avait, avaient

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had

(long box - medium diving board)

aviez

avions

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would have

(short box - highest diving board)

aurais, aurait, auraient

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would have

(long box - highest diving board)

auriez

aurions

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I saw it / I have seen it

je l’ai vu

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if I had seen it

si je l’avais vu

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I would have seen it

je l’aurais vu

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I would’ve told you why I didn’t buy it

je vous aurais dit pourquoi je ne l’ai pas acheté

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he told me that

il m’a dit que

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he would not do it

il ne le ferait pas

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if you had told me it I would have known it

si vous me l’aviez dit je l’aurais su

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I was

(direct past)

j’étais

(é sounds like ay)

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we were

nous étions

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you were

vous étiez

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I had

(direct past)

j’avais

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if I had had

si j’avais eu

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been

(also means ‘summer’)

été

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in summer

en été

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summer fashion

mode d’été

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summer dress

robe d’été

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if I had been there I would have seen it

si j’avais été là je l’aurais vu

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you would have seen it if you had been there last night

vous l’auriez vu si vous aviez été là hier soir

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(I) was

vs.

(I) had

(direct past)

(j’) étais

vs.

(j’) avais

note: you only dive after any form of ‘to have’ or ‘to be’

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in order to get into the direct past with other verbs, use the sound of the present ‘you’:

you can

vs.

I could

vous pouvez

vs.

je pouvais

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they could

ils pouvaient

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nobody could wait

personne pouvait attendre

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we could

nous pouvions

(whenever you have: je …ais ⇒ nous …ions)

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you could

vous pouviez

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so far, the direct past of:

was (short / long box)

had (short / long box)

could (short / long box)

étais / étions / étiez

avais / avions / aviez

pouvais / pouvions / pouviez

you have to

vs.

I had to

vous devez

vs.

je devais

he had to wait

il devait attendre

one had to wait / we had to wait

on devait attendre

we had to wait

nous devions attendre

to want

vouloir

I wanted

je voulais

he had to wait

il devait attendre

I have to do it

(in French, this means; I must do it → do not use the verb ‘to have’)

je dois le faire

you have to wait

(must)

vous devez attendre

you must not wait

vous ne devez pas attendre

i.e. it does not mean: you don’t have to wait

you don’t have to…

(in French, you say; it is not necessary…)

ce n’est pas necessaire…

to need

(to have need)

avoir besoin

you don’t have to wait

(you don’t have need of waiting)

vous ne avez pas besoin d’attendre

you don’t have to give it to him

(you don’t have need of)

vous ne avez pas besoin de le lui donner

you don’t have to give it to me

vous ne avez pas besoin de me le donner

when will you tell me?

(use future tense since it does not start with ‘will you’)

quand me direz-vous?

(if you had said, ‘will you tell me’, that is a polite request: voulez-vous me dire)

when are you going to tell me?

quand allez-vous me dire?

will you tell me

(a polite request)

voulez-vous me dire

wanted

(direct past - short and long box)

voulais

vouliez

voulions

I didn’t want to do it

je ne voulais pas le faire

he didn’t want to tell me

il ne voulait pas me dire

I knew

(direct past)

je savais

I didn’t know

(direct past)

je ne savais pas

nobody knew where it was

(direct past)

personne savait où c’était

nobody could find it

(direct past)

personne pouvait le trouver

I knew where it was

(direct past)

je savais où c’était

if I had known where it was

si j’avais su où c’était

I would’ve told it to you

je vous l’aurais dit

I wanted to buy it

(direct past)

je voulais l’acheter

past participle (diving board) of ‘to want’

voulu

if I had wanted to have it,

si j’avais voulu l’avoir,

I would’ve bought it

je l’aurais acheté

I was going

(direct past)

j’allais

(useful handle)

I was going to do it

j’allais le faire

I wasn’t going to tell you

je n’allais pas vous dire

I didn’t know that you were going to come

je ne savais pas que vous alliez venir

this afternoon

cette après midi

you didn’t tell me that you were going to be here this afternoon

(had not told me)

vous ne m’avez pas dit que vous alliez être ici cette après midi

we were going to leave today

nous allions partir aujourd’hui

if you had called me

si vous m’aviez appelé

this morning

ce matin

and if you had told me

et si vous m’aviez dit

that you were going to arrive today

que vous alliez arriver aujourd’hui

I would’ve waited for you

je vous aurais attendu

and we would have dined

et nous aurions dîné

I am going to do it

vs.

I was going to do it

je vais le faire

vs.

j’allais le faire

we are going to do it

nous allons le faire

we were going to do it

nous allions le faire

you’re going to do it

vous allez le faire

you were going to do it

vous alliez le faire

he is going to do it

il va le faire

he wasn’t going to do it

il n’allait pas le faire

we’re going to leave

nous allons partir

we were going to leave

nous allions partir

you didn’t tell me that you were going to arrive today

(have not told me)

vous ne m’avez pas dit que vous alliez arriver oujourd’hui

I’m staying

je reste

I was staying

(wing-tense)

je restais

we were staying here

(wing-tense)

nous restions ici

he’s waiting for me

il m’attend

he was waiting for me

il m’attendait

we were waiting for you

nous vous attendions

we’re waiting for you

nous vous attendons

he was leaving

il partait

we were leaving

nous partions

I was doing it

(wing-tense represents a straight line in the past)

je le faisais

I was saying it

je le disais

to read

lire

I was reading

je lisais

to write

écrire

I was writing

(an exception)

j’écrivais

I was doing it

je le faisais

in French there is a difference between:

I have done it

vs.

I was doing it every day

je l’ai fait

vs.

je le faisais tous les jours

very often

très souvent

I was doing it very often

je le faisais très souvent

frequently

fréquemment

he prepared it this morning

il l’a préparé ce matin

he used to prepare it

(use wing-tense, i.e. imperfect)

il le préparait

(imparfait)

absorbed / removed

absorbé

to encourage

(there will never be any new ‘re’ or ‘oir’ verbs added to the French language)

encourager

developed

développé

a feeling / a sense for the language

un sentiment / un sens pour la langue

of French origin

d’origine française

I will go

j’irai

he will go

il ira

he would go

il irait

to finish

finir

the end

la fin

I finish

je finis

(just drop the ‘r’)

he finishes

il finit

we finish

nous finissons

(double ‘s’ was injected to give it life)

you finish

vous finissez

they finish

ils finissent

an example of the present tense of an ‘ir’ verb:

to finish

je finis

tu finis

il finit

ils finissent

nous finissons

vous finissez

to grow / to grow bigger

grandir

the child

l’enfant

the child grows bigger

l’enfant grandit

the children

les enfants

the children are growing

les enfants grandissent

to blush

rougir

you’re blushing

vous rougissez

to go pale

pâlir

what’s the matter?

qu’est-ce qu’il y a?

you’re getting pale

vous pâlissez

to grow old / to age

vieillir

he’s growing old

il vieillit

they’re growing old

ils vieillissent

young

jeune

to rejuvenate / to update

rajeunir

the land / Earth

la terre

to land

atterrir

we’re going to land in a few minutes

nous allons atterrir dans quelques minutes

we’re landing

nous atterrissons

we’re landing in a few minutes

nous atterrissons dans quelques minutes

to land in the water

amerrir

we’re landing on the water

nous amerrissons

to land on the moon

alunir

they’re landing on the moon

ils alunissent

special class of verbs:

to open

to offer

ouvrir

offrir

(special group of verbs ending in ‘vrir’ or ‘frir’ that join the ‘er’ verbs)

to cover

couvrir

discover

découvrir

to suffer

souffrir

opened (past participle)

(also used as an adjective, i.e. it is open)

ouvert

I opened it

je l’ai ouvert

it is open

c’est ouvert

covered

couvert

everything is covered

tout est couvert

discovered

découvert

he discovered it

il l’a découvert

offered

offert

I offered it

je l’ai offert

I offered it to you

je vous l’ai offert

I offered it to him

je le lui ai offert

you (informal; as a subject)

(follow the sound of ‘I’, i.e., the short box)

you (inf.) have

(1 of 3 exceptions where you follow the sound of he, she, it)

tu as

you are going

(inf.)

tu vas

you are

(inf.)

tu es

you

(informal; as an object)

t’

what are you saying?

(inf.)

qu’est-ce que tu dis?

I’m telling you

je tu dis

(pronounced t’ in speaking)

I’m doing it

(present -ing tense)

je le fais

I don’t do it / I’m not doing it

je ne le fais pas

since

depuis

since when?

(two ways to ask)

depuis combien de temps?

depuis quand?

how long have you lived here?

(literally, since when do you live here?)

depuis quand habitez-vous ici?

it makes how long that (…)?

ça fait combien de temps que (…)?

it makes how long that you live here?

ça fait combien de temps que vous habitez ici?

how long have you worked here?

(it makes how long that…)

ça fait combien de temps que vous travaillez ici?

since how long you work here?

depuis combien de temps travaillez-vous ici?

he is working here since long time

il travaille ici depuis long temps

already

(e.g. since already)

déjà

if you had been here last night

si vous aviez été ici hier soir

you would’ve seen it and you would’ve bought it

vous l’auriez vu et vous l’auriez acheté

everything is sold

tout est vendu

everything was sold

tout été vendu

everything will be sold

tout sera vendu

everything would be sold

tout serai vendu

(everything) would have been sold

(tout) aurait été vendu

(double diving board)

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Advanced Course 3 Flashcards

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