Adult BLS

Question 1

DR’s ABCD

Answer 1

Danger
Response
Shout
Airway
Breathing 
Call ambulance and start CPR
Defibrillation

Question 2

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Answer 2

30:2

30 chest compressions at rate 100-120/minute and a depth of 5-6cm
2 rescue breaths - breathe a normal expiration for 1 second

Question 3

Pulse check in children

Answer 3

Infant (<1 year): feel brachial pulse

Children (>1 year): feel carotid pulse

Question 4

Compression: ventilation ratio

Answer 4

At birth: 3:1 ratio

Infants / children: start with 5 rescue breaths, then 15:2 ratio

Question 5

Compressions

Answer 5

At least 1/3 AP chest diameter

Infant :
Lone rescuer: compress the sternum with the tips of two fingers
Two or more rescuers: encircling technique - both thumbs flat on the lower sternum and fingers around the ribcage

Children: as for adult but you only use one hand

If on own, perform CPR for 1 minute before trying to get help

Question 6

Drowning

Answer 6

5 initial ventilation breaths the continue at normal 30:2 ratio
If on own perform CPR for 1 minute before leaving to get help
Dry chest prior to defibrillation

Question 7

Pregnancy

Answer 7

Manually displace the uterus to the left

Prepare for emergency C-section if > 20 weeks gestation - should be performed within 5 minutes of cardiac arrest