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CPR II Exam 1 > Adrenomimetic Drugs > Flashcards

Adrenomimetic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What do adrenergic drugs modulate?

A

Adrenergic transmission and primarily control the function of sympathetic nervous system

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2
Q

Drugs activating adrenergic transmission (adrenomimetics or sympathomimetics) mimic or promote the effects of what?

A

Norepinephrine/epinephrine/dopamine at adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic NS

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3
Q

Drugs inhibiting adrenergic transmission (sympatholytics or anti-adrenergic drugs) prevent the effects of what?

A

Norepinephrine/epinephrine/dopamine at adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic NS

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4
Q

What are the types of a1 receptors?

A

a1A, a1B, a1D

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5
Q

Which G protein is associated with a1 receptors?

A

Gq

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6
Q

What are the effects of Gq binding to a1 receptors?

A

Increase IP3 and DAG common to all

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7
Q

What are the types of a2 receptors?

A

a2A, a2B, a2C

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8
Q

Which G protein is associated with a2 receptors?

A

Gi

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9
Q

What are the effects of Gi binding to a2 receptors?

A

Decrease cAMP

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10
Q

What are the types of B receptors?

A

B1, B2, B3

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11
Q

Which G protein is associated with B receptors?

A

Gs which increases cAMP

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12
Q

What are the types of dopamine receptors?

A

D1 and D2

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13
Q

Which G protein is associated with D1 receptors?

A

Gs which increases cAMP

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14
Q

Which G protein is associated with D2 receptors?

A

Gi which decreases cAMP

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15
Q

Review

A

Signal transduction slides

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16
Q

Direct acting adrenergic drugs produce their effects via what?

A

Direct interaction with adrenergic receptors

Ex. Adrenergic receptor agonists or antagonists

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17
Q

Indirect acting adrenergic drugs produce their effects by doing what?

A

Increased or reducing the concentration of NE at target receptors
Work by altering neurotransmitter concentrations at target site

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18
Q

What are the categories of direct adrenomimetics?

A

Alpha agonists, beta agonists, mixed alpha and beta agonists

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19
Q

What are examples of alpha agonists?

A

Phenylephrine (a1) and clonidine (a2)

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20
Q

What are examples of mixed alpha and beta agonists?

A

NE (a1 and a2 equally, B1 > B2) and epinephrine (all receptors equally)

21
Q

What are examples of beta agonists?

A

Dobutamine (B1), isoproterenol (B1 and B2 equally), albuterol (B2)

22
Q

Where are alpha-1 receptors found?

A

Most vascular smooth muscle (Innervated), pupillary dilator muscle, prostate and heart

23
Q

What are the actions of a1 receptors?

A

Vascular smooth muscle contraction
Contraction of pupillary dilator muscle (dilates pupil)
Contraction of the prostate
Increases force of contraction in the heart

24
Q

Where are a2 receptors found?

A

Neurons, platelets, adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals, some vascular smooth muscle and fat cells

25
Q

What are the actions of a2 receptors?

A

Modulates transmitter release from neurons
Platelet aggregation
Inhibits transmitter release from adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals
Contraction of some vascular smooth muscle
Inhibits lipolysis

26
Q

Where are B1 receptors found?

A

Heart and juxtaglomerular cells

27
Q

What are the actions of B1 receptors?

A

Increases force and rate of heart contraction

Increases renin release

28
Q

Where are B2 receptors found?

A

Respiratory, urine, and vascular smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Human liver

29
Q

What are the actions of B2 receptors?

A

Promotes smooth muscle relaxation
Promotes K+ uptake in skeletal muscle
Activates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

30
Q

Where are B3 receptors found?

A

Bladder and fat cells

31
Q

What are the actions of B3 receptors?

A

Relaxes detrusor muscle

Activates lipolysis

32
Q

Where are D1 receptors found?

A

Smooth muscle where it dilates renal blood vessels

33
Q

Where are D2 receptors found?

A

Nerve endings where it modulates transmitter release

34
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for hypotensive emergencies such as hemorrhagic shock, overdose of anti-hypertensives or CNS depressants?

A

NE and phenylephrine

35
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for Chronic hypotension?

A

Ephedrine

36
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for cardiogenic shock?

A

Dobutamine

37
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for heart failure?

A

Short term use of dobutamine in acute HF

38
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for HTN?

A

Alpha-2 agonists for the long term Tx

39
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for emergency the arepa for complete AV block and cardiac arrest?

A

Epinephrine and isoproterenol

40
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for depression?

A

Phenelzine and Selegiline

41
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for narcolepsy?

A

Amphetamines and methylphenidate

42
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for ADHD?

A

Methylphenidate

43
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for obesity?

A

Ephedrine

Amphetamines

44
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for bronchial asthma?

A

Albuterol

45
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for decongestion of mucous membranes?

A

Phenylephrine and ephedrine

46
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for anaphylaxis?

A

Epinephrine (effective at both respiratory (bronchospasm) and cardiovascular (severe hypotension, cardiac depression) components

47
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for ophthalmic applications?

A

Examination of retina - induction of mydriasis —> phenylephrine
Glaucoma —> alpha 2 selective agonists

48
Q

Which adrenomimetic drug can be used for stress urinary incontinence?

A

Ephedrine

CPR II Exam 1 (11 decks)

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