Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardio 2 > Adrenergic drugs for CV dysfunction > Flashcards

Adrenergic drugs for CV dysfunction Flashcards

1
Q

agonists

A 
Epi
NE
Iso
Dobutamine
Dopamine
Fendoldopam
Clonidien
Methyldopa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epi

A

alpha and beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

NE

A

alpha and Beta 1, 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Iso

A

Beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dobutamine

A

beta 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dopamine

A

D1>beta1>alpha1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

fendolopam

A

D1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clonidine

A

alpha2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

methyldopa

A

alpha 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

alpha antagonists

A

prazosin- alpha 1

phentolamine- alpha 1 and 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

nonselective beta antagonists

A 
propanolol
nadolol
timolol
pindolol
carteolol
sotalol
esmolol (short acting)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cadioselective beta blockers

A

atenolol
acebutolol
metoprolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

third generation beta blockers

A

labetalol
carvedilol
betaxolol
carteolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Epi B1 effects on heart

A 
primary effects
positive inotropy and chronotropy
increased work of heart and increased O2 demand
shortens AP and refractor period
decreases grade of AV block
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

supraventricular arrhythmias

A

apt to occur w/combo of Wpi and cholinergic stimulation

treat w/beta blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Epi B2 effects on heart

A

B2 may play important role in remodeling of heart tissue that occurs in CHF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Epi alpha 1 effects on heart

A

prolings refractory period and strengthens myocardial contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

low dose epi on vasculature

A

primarily beta 2 vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

high does epi on vasculature

A

primarily alpha 1 vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

epi and cutaneous blood flow

A

markedly decreased

decreased flow to hand and feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

epi and renal flow

A

induce alpha mediated vasoconstriction reducing renal blood flow -> increases RAAS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

epi and coronary blood flow

A

increased, but may not increase enough to meet increased demand brought on by Epi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cardiac arrest uses of Epi

A
  • during CPR for persistent or recurrent VT/VF after 1-2 cycles of defibrillation and CPR
  • during CPR for PEA
  • following CPR and TCP for asystole
  • to treat bradycardia w/serious signs and symptoms (combine w/atropine and dopamine)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

other uses of Epi

A 
hypersensitivity rxns (anaphylaxis)
prolongation of action of local anestetic (vasoconstriction)
topical hemostatic agent on bleeding surfaces
nebulizer -> pediatric asthma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

NE

A

full agonist at all receptors, but has low affinity for B2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

CV effects of NE

A
  • systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressure increased
  • CO unchanged or decreased
  • TPR increased
  • compensatory vagal reflex slows heat
  • SV increased
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

uses of NE

A
  • vasoconstrictor to raise or support BP under certain IC condtions
  • in shock level of circulating catecholamines already usually high and NE may further decrease perfusion to tissues, especially kidney
28
Q

dopmaine

A

agaonist at all DRs
at high concentrations will activate beta 1 at heart and at even higher concentrations will activate alpha 1 -> generalized vasoconstriction
D1Rs mediate vasodilation in renal and mesenteric vascular bedsq

29
Q

CV effects of low concentrations DA

A

D1
vasodilation, increased GFR, RBF, and Na excretion
useful in low CO states such as shock or CHF

30
Q

CV effects of moderate does of DA

A

-positive ionotropic effect via B1Rs
-causes release of NE from nerve terminals
-increases CO which can be used in treatment of cardiogenic shock
-increased systolic BP and pulse pressure, no effect or slight increase of diastolic BP
TPR unchanged

31
Q

high concentrations of DA

A

activates vascular A1 -> more generalized vasoconstricton

counterproductive and undesirable in shock

32
Q

fendolapam

A

D1
IV infusion pump for severe HTN
dilates coronaries, afferent and efferent arterioles in kindey and mesenteric aa

33
Q

+ isomer dobutamine

A

potent alpha 1 antagonist

10x more potent beta agonist than - isomer

34
Q
  • isomer dobutamine
A

potent alpha 1 agonist

weaker beta agonist than + isomer

35
Q

racemic dobutamine

A

beta 1 like

36
Q

dobutamine on CV

A

relatively greater inotropic then chronotropic effects when compared to iso
due to unchanged TPR

37
Q

therapeutic uses of dobutamine

A

short term treatment of caRdiac decompenstation after cardiac surgery or CHF or AMI
infusion w/echocardiogram useful in noninvasice assessmetn of coronary artery disease

38
Q

iso

A

potent non selective beta agonist
lowers TPR, primarily in skeletal m via beta 2
diastolic pressure falls
systolic maintained or rise
MAP typically falls
CO increased
may cause palpitations, sinus tachycardia, arrhythmias

39
Q

uses of iso

A

stimulate heart rate in patients w/bradycardia or heart block, usually just before placement of pacemaker or in patients w/torsades de pointes

40
Q

clondidine

A

prototypic alpha2 agonist
initially used as vasoconstricting nasodecongestant
bind in CV control centers of CNS suppressing sympathetics

41
Q

methyldopa

A

false neurotransmitter
agonist on brain alpha 2 receptors
preferred treatment for HTN in pregnancy

42
Q

effect of clonidine

A

changes in BP and HR
-IV infusion -> acute rise in BP due to activation of postsynpatic alpha 2 in peripheral smooth m vasculature
affinity of these Rs is strong, but clonidine is only a partial agonist
-transient vasoconstriction followed by more prolonged hypotensie response due do decreased sympathetics
-HTN follows parenteral administration generally not seen PO,

43
Q

uses of clonadine

A 
treatment of HTN
off label for 
-diarrhea due to autonomic neuropathy in DI
-preoperative sedation
-patch for postmenopausal hot flashes
-differential diagnosis of pheocrhomocytoma
-ADHS
-tourettes
-restless leg syndrome
44
Q

non-selective alpha blockers

A

phenoxybenzamine (irreversible)

phentolamine

45
Q

alpha 1 selective blockers

A 
prazosin
doxazosin
terazosin
tamsulosin (BPH)
ALFUZOSIN (BPH)
third line for treatment of essential HTN
46
Q

labetolol and carvediol

A

block beta and alpha

47
Q

carteolol

A

block alpha and beta, except agonist at beta 2

48
Q

nebivolol and carteolol

A

activate NO production

49
Q

carvediol

A

antioxidant activity

50
Q

tilisolol

A

K channel opening

51
Q

beta blocker CV effects

A

slow sinus rate, decrease spontaneous rate of ectopic pacemakers, slow conduction in atria and AV node, increase functional refractory period of AV node

52
Q

beta blockers and HTN

A

blocks renin release which is usually mediated by beta 1

long term use of beta blockers will lead to fall in TPR, not understood

53
Q

CV adverse effects of beta blockers

A
  • may induce CHF in susceptible patients
  • bradycardia normal, however can be threatening in partial or complete AV conduction defects
  • abrupt discontinuation
  • decreased exercise treatment
54
Q

uses of beta blockers

A 
HTN
angina
acute coronary syndromes
CHF
supraventricular and ventricular arrythmias
55
Q

CHF

A

certain beta blockers are highly effective treatments for all grades of heart failure
carvediol, metoprolol, xamterol
usually takes weeks-months to see benefit (except carvediol)

56
Q

MI

A

beta blockers in early phases, but must be continued long term

57
Q

hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

A

beta blockers, specifically propranolol

relieves angina, palpitations, and syncope

58
Q

actue dissecting aortic aneurysm

A

reductionin force of contraction and rate

chronic treatment w/propranolol in marfans as prevention

59
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

beta blockers useful

60
Q

nadolol

A

long-acting antagonsit w/equal affinity for beta 1 and 2
relatively long half life
used for HTN and angina, magraine porphylaxis, parkinsonian tremors, and variceal bleeding in portal HTN

61
Q

metoprolol

A

cardioselective
extended release available
essential HTN, angina, tachycardia, heart failure, vasovagal syncope, hyperthyroidism, and for migraine prophylaxis

62
Q

atenolol

A

cadioselective
hydrophilic -> penetrates CNS to a limited extent
half life longer then metoprolol
HTN, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, angian, post MI, graves disease

63
Q

atenolol combos

A

with diuretic in elderly w/isolated systolic HTN

64
Q

esmolol

A 
cardioselective
rapid onset, short acting
IV
surgery to prevent or treat tachycardia
supraventricular tachycardia
striking hypotensive effects
65
Q

labetalol mixture properties

A

selective blockade of alpha, beta 1, beta 2
partial agonist of beta 2
inhibits neuronal uptake of NE
blocks beta 5-10x more then alpha

66
Q

labetaolol effects

A

fall in BP
HR maintained or slightly reduces
CO maintained
can be used in pregnancy induced HTN crisis

67
Q

carvediolol

A

blocks beta 1,2 and alpha 1, but also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects
HTN, CHF, left ventricular dysfunction post MI

Cardio 2 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions