Adrenergic Bronchodilators Flashcards
-Adrenergic (Sympathomimetic) Bronchodilator
Adrenergic bronchodilators, agents that stimulates sympathetic nervous fibers, which allow relaxation of smooth muscle in the airways
-Also known as sympathomimetic bronchodilators or B2 agonists. Can be short or long term
-Long acting agent (LABA)
-indicated for maintenance of bronchodilation, control of bronchospasms, and nocturnal symptoms in asthma, or other obstructive diseases.
-Timed “controller” the slow time to peak effects make poor rescue drugs
-Duration 12 hours
-Ultra Short acting Bronchdialtor
-Should only be used for its vasoconstriction effects to reduce upper airway swelling or to control bleeding
-this agent should not be used for bronchoconstriction
-Epinephrine Ultra Short Acting Adrenergic Bronchodilator
-Trade name - Adrenalin
-Generic name epinephrine
-Epinephrine usage
-Is a potent catecholamine bronchodilator that stimulates both alpha and beta receptors, because epinephrine lacks Beta 2 receptors specificity, there is a high prevalence of side effects such as tachycardia, blood pressure, increase, tremor, headache, and insomnia
-Its duration of action is short due to metabolism -It is used both by inhalation and subcutaneously to treat patients with acute sustained asthmatic episodes or anaphylaxis -Self administered intramuscular injectable doses
-Is also used as a cardiac stimulation (CPR) based on its strong beta 1 effects
-Ultra Short Acting Adrenergic bronchodilators -Racemic Epinephrine
-Racemic Epinephrine
-Trade name - Vaponephrine, micronefrin
-Often used either by inhaled aerosol or direct lung instillation for it strong alpha adrenergic vasoconstriction effects, to reduce airway swelling after extubation or during epiglottitis, croup, ot bronchitis
-Short term Adrenergic bronchodilators -Albuterol
-Albuterol
-Trade name- Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA, ProAir HFA
-Generic name Albuterol
-Concentration
-SVN 2.5mg/ 3ML (.083% solution)
-Effects
-Beta 2 strong (+++)
-Short acting agents (SABA) indicated for relief of acute reversible airflow disease
-Termed “rescue” agents or “quick relieves”
-Duration 4-6 hours
-Short term Adrenergic bronchodilators
-Levalbuterol
-Trade name: Xopenex, Xopenex HFA
-Generic Name Levalbuterol
-Concentration: SVN .63mg/ 3ML 1.25/ 3ML
-Effects:
-Alpha: (0) -Beta 1 (0) -Beta 2 (+++) strong
-MD must write DNS (do not substitute) in the order with reasoning this is go to medication for anyone with already a high heart rate or heart condition
-Long acting adrenergic bronchodilators
-Salmeterol:
-Trade name- Serevent Diskus
-Generic name- Salmeterol
-Effects: Beta 2 selective agonist
-Long acting adrenergic bronchodilators
-Formoterol
-TN Perforomist, foradil
-GN formoterol
-Effects: Beta 2 selective agonist
-Long acting adrenergic bronchodilators
-Arformoterol
-TN Brovana
-GN Arformoterol
-Effects: Beta 2 selective agonist
-Long acting adrenergic bronchodilators
-Indacaterol
-TN Arcapta Neohaler
-GN indacaterol -Duration 24 hours -Effects: beta 2 selective agonist -Considered ulta long acting beta agonist
-Long acting adrenergic bronchodilators
-Olodaterol
-TN Striverdi Respimat
-GN Olodaterol
-Duration 24 hours
-Effects: Beta 2 selective agonist -Considered Ultra long acting beta agonist
-Side Effects seen with Beta Agonist Use
-Tremors, palpitation, tachycardia, headaches, insomnia, increase in blood pressure, Nervousness, dizziness, nausea, tolerance to bronchodilators effects, hypokalemia
