Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrine > Adrenal cortex > Flashcards

Adrenal cortex Flashcards

1
Q

What does the zona fasiculatata/reticularis produce

A

Cortisol, corticosterone, DHEA, and Andosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does the ACTH/Cortisol loop work

A

Cortisol into blood, feed backs on pituitary and slows the production of ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does ACTH do

A

Stimulates growth and steroid production of zona fasiculata and reticualris of adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Can ACTH be used cross species

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who uses cortisol only

A

Cats, primates, horses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who uses cortisol and corticosterone

A

Dogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What uses corticosterone

A

birds, rats, mice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some tissues that glucocorticoids affect

A

Metabolic, immune, blood, skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the metabolic effects of glucocorticoids

A 
Promotes gluconeogenisis
Stimulates lipolysis
promotes protein breakdown
glycogen formation
inhibit glucose uptake
catabolic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the only thing that the CNS can use for energy

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the main function of adrenocortical steroids

A

maintain blood glucose

glycogen storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the potencies of the corticoid hormones

A

Crotisol 3x > corticosterone = aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some immune functions of glucocorticoids

A

Potent anti-inflammatory role
Immunosuppression
Potential for infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do glucocorticoids influence blood

A

increase neutrophils, decrease lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do glucocorticoids affect skeletal system

A

promote bone breakdown

Inhibits vit D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does cortisol do at high level to T-lymphocytes

A

inhibit T-lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of DHEA

A

primary androgen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why are DHEA and aldosterone important

A

may play a role in development of secondary sexual characteristics at puberty
Substrates for estrogens
anti-aging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the effects of mineralocorticoids

A

Promote Na retention and K elimination
Water retention
H ion elimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is an example of a mineralcorticoid

A

aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is another name for Hyperandrenocorticim

A

cushing

22
Q

What is the most common cause of spontaneous Cushing

A

excessive ACTH production

23
Q

where is Cushing syndrome most common

A

Older dogs

24
Q

What is suppressed in animals with primary adenocortical tumors

A

ACTH and CRH

25
Q

What is iatrogenic Cushings

A

Cushing disease caused by the Dr.

26
Q

What is a cause of iatrogenic Cushing caused by a Dr.

A

Exogenous glucocoritcoids causing clinical signs of cortisol excess.
Stop giving glucocorticoids
Atrophy of zona fasiculata
Adrenal supression

27
Q

What are some symptoms of Cushing

A

Polydipsia and polyuria
Hyperphagia
Abdominal enlargement

28
Q

How quick does Cushing progress

A

slowly

29
Q

What are the catabolic effects of Cushing

A

Increase blood glucose
Muscle wasting
Thin skin
Decreased bone density

30
Q

How do you diagnose Cushing

A

Elevated cortisol
ACTH challenge
-increased capacity to make cortisol
Dexamethasome test (DEX)

31
Q

What are two types of Cushing

A

Pituitary-dependent hyperandrenocorticism (PDH)
-more common
Primary hyperandenocorticism

32
Q

PHD is caused by

A

increased ACTH production

33
Q

Primary hyperadrenocorticism is caused by

A

adrenal tumors

34
Q

What does a low does DEX treatment determine

A

If animal has Cushing

35
Q

What doesn’t low dose DEX determine

A

difference between tumor and PHD Cushing

36
Q

What does High-dose DEX test do

A

Suppress cortisol levels in PDH patients, but Cushing caused by a tumor

37
Q

What will ACTH levels be in dogs with PDH

A

higher than normal

38
Q

What will ACTH levels be in dogs with adrenal tumors

A

Lower than normal

39
Q

What is the most common treatment of PDH

A

Lysodren

40
Q

What does Lysodern do to treat PDH

A

Selective necrosis of zona fasiculata and reticularis

41
Q

What would happen if you gave too much Lysodren to a dog

A

cause hypoadrenocorticism

42
Q

What is Addison disease

A

Hypoadrenocorticism

43
Q

What is difference between primary and secondary diseases in Addison and Cushing disease

A

Cushing- treated the same

Addison- different treatments

44
Q

What do you use to diagnose secondary Addison

A

ACTH

45
Q

What is the most common cause of primary adrenocortical failure

A

Autoimmune

46
Q

What is an important cause of secondary Addison

A

Iatrogenic (caused by clinician)

47
Q

How long does it take for ACTH to recover

A

months

48
Q

What is the treatment of primary Addison

A

Saline followed by glucocoriticoids and mineral corticoids (on exam last year)

49
Q

What is the treatment for secondary Addison

A

Glucocorticoid treatment (no mineralcoritoids [on exam last year])

50
Q

What does the zona glomerulosa produce

A

Aldosterone

Endocrine (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions