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3151 finals > ADR > Flashcards

ADR Flashcards

1
Q

penicillins ADR

A

Hypersensitive (Form adduct with host proteins)
Anaphylaxis,
steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea (CDAD)

Neurotoxicity

Convulsions, confusion, hallucinations

Hepatoxicity

Seizure – high dose

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2
Q

penicillin resistance

A

MRSA, express PBP2a
B-lactamase to hydrolyse b-lactam ring
Decrease porin production, less AB reach PBP
Less IN
Efflux pumps
More OUT

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3
Q

cephalosporin ADR

A

Hypersensitivity
Cross-allergy is 1%
Hist of anaphylaxis with penicillin not given

GIT

CDAD, diarrhea (PO)

Thrombophlebitis

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4
Q

ceftriaxone

A

Hepatic metabolism

** ceftriaxone no mix with Ca containing product (Ringer’s / Hartmann’s sol/ parenteral nutrition)

Cause Ca to ppt

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5
Q

carbapenems ADR

A

GIT related symptoms (NV, diarrhea)

Rashes

Neurotoxicity (seizure) at high blood conc

Cross-hypersensitivity with penicillin
Avoided for those with penicillin allergy

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6
Q

aztreonam ADR

A

well tolerated

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7
Q

Vancomycin

A

Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
Thrombophlebitis
red man syndrome

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8
Q

tetracycline ADR

A

Gastric discomfort

Oesophageal irritation, ulceration

Deposition in bone, primary dentition during calcification
Causes discolouration (GREY)

Hepatoxicity

Phototoxicity

Superinfection

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9
Q

AG ADR

A

OTOTIXCITY
NEPHRO
NEUROMUSCULAR PARALYSIS
HYPERSENSITIVE

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10
Q

macrolides ADR

A

gastric distress
hepatotoxicity
ototoxicity
prolong QT

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11
Q

clindamycin ADR

A

GI effect – diarrhea, vomiting
Skin rash
CDAD

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12
Q

linezolid ADR

A

GI

Nausea, diarrhea, headache, rash

Bone marrow suppression

Thrombocytopenia (>10days)

MAOi activity = serotonin syndrome

Peripheral neuropathies

Optic neurities (>28 days)

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13
Q

fluroquinolones

A

GI: NV, diarrhea
Dysglyceamia
Aortic dissection/ rupture (aneurysm)
C.diff colitis cipro
Headache, dizziness
Phototoxicity
Tendinitis, tendon rupture
Peripheral neuropathy
Prolong QTc interval

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14
Q

sulfonamides

A

Crystalluria
hypersensitive
kernicterus
hematopoietic disturbances

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15
Q

trimethoprim ADR

A

Folic acid deficiency

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16
Q

Cotrimoxazole ADR

A

Skin reaction Rash
Photosensitive
NV
Glossitis, stomatitis
Hemolytic anemia
Megablastic anemia,

17
Q

nitrofurantoin ADR

A

Turns urine brown
NV, diarrhea (macrocrystalline prep better tolerated)
Hypersensitive rxn:
Chills, fever
Leukopenia, hemolytic anemia
Cholestatic jaundice, heptocellular damage
pul toxicity
peripheral neuropathies

18
Q

Metronidazole ADR

A

GI
metallic taste
oral moniliasis
PNS, CNS

19
Q

Amphotericin B ADR

A

Fever, chills

Nephrotoxicity

Electrolyte imbalance, hypotension

Thrombophlebitis

Bone marrow supp, anemia

20
Q

5-Flucytosine ADR

A

GI effects

Bone marrow suppression

hepatotoxicity

21
Q

Echinocandins ADR

A

Minimal adverse effects
GIT symptomes
Fever
Chill
Rash
Skin flush
Thrombocytopenia

22
Q

triazole ADR

A

Heptatotoxicity
QT prolongation
GIT

23
Q

itraconazole ADR

A

CARDIOTOXICITY

24
Q

fluconazole ADR

A

hair loss

25
Q

voriconazole ADR

A

NEUROTOXICITY

Visual disturbances
Hallucination
Periostitis
Inflamm connective tissues

26
Q

Clotrimazole ADR

A

Contact dermatitis
Vulver irritation
Oedema
GI disturbances (PO)

27
Q

nystatin ADR

A

Rare ADR from PO
skin irritation

28
Q

Terbinafine ADR

A

GIT disturbances
Headache
Rash
Elevated liver enzymes

29
Q

Rifampicin ADR

A

itch w/ or w/o rash
Anti-histamine therapy
*SJS, TEN, DRESS
Flush, water eye

Flu-like symptoms

RESP

Renal failure

HEPATITIS
P> I > R

ORANGE DISCOLOURATION

GIT symptoms

30
Q

isoniazid ADR

A

GIT symptoms
Peripheral neuropathy
Hepatitis
Toxic psychosis

31
Q

pyrazinamide ADR

A

GIT symptoms
Photosensitive
Hepatotoxicity
Hyperuricemia, arthralgia
exanthema, rash

32
Q

ethambutol ADR

A

Visual toxicity
hyperuricemia

33
Q

high risk of CDAD

A

clindamycin
3rd gen
fluro

34
Q

medium risk of CDAD

A

b lactam, carbapenems, 1-2/ 4-5 gen

3151 finals (9 decks)

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