1) presence of infection

Question 1

what covers atypicals

Answer 1

doxycycline
tigecycline
macrolides (ACE)
levofloxacin, moxifloxacin

Question 2

what covers pseudomonas

Answer 2

piptazo
ceftazidime, cefepime, ceftobiprole
aztreonam
meropenem, imipenem
AG
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin

Question 3

what covers anaerobes

Answer 3

amox-clav
pip-tazo
mero, imi, erta
vanco (not -ve)
metronidazole
clindamycin

Question 4

what covers MRSA

Answer 4

ceftaroline
vanco
tigecyclin
linezolid

doxy (?)
levo, moxi (?)
CMX (?)
clindamycin (?)

Question 5

what DOES NOT covers MSSA

Answer 5

ceftazidime
aztreonam
cipro
metronidazole
AG

(?) pen G,V, amox, amp , ACE, L,M, CMX

Question 6

what covers H.infl

Answer 6

Amox-clav
Pip-tazo
Carbapenem
Cephalosporins
Tetracycline
AG
FQ
Macrolide — azi, ery
(?) CMX, amox

Question 7

impt PO only drugs

Answer 7

Pen V
amoxicillin
cephalexin
doxy

Question 8

not for CNS

Answer 8

1st/2nd cephalosporins (PO)
aminoglycosides
macrolides
clindamycin

Question 9

Abx that penetrates CNS

Answer 9

penicillin
ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime
meropenem
vancomycin

Question 10

worsens CNS (SE)

Answer 10

penicillins
carbapenems (mero,erta, imi)
CMX

metronidazole
FQ
linezolid

Question 11

1) confirm presence of infection

Answer 11

1) risk factors (age, immunosupp, alter, natural protective barrier)

2) subj – local/ systemic Sx

3) Obj – vital signs, lab test, imaging

Question 12

temp

Answer 12

38*C

Question 13

Hypotension

Answer 13

<100 mmHg

LRTI: 90/60

Question 14

Tachypnea (resp rate)
HR

Answer 14

22 bpm

LRTI: >30

HR (>90 bpm)

Question 15

normal total white

Answer 15

4 - 10 x10^9 /L

*pyuria: >10
* Systemic infection SSTI: >12
* severe CDI: >15x10^9/L

Question 16

Scr (CDAD)

Answer 16

Scr > 133 unol/L

Question 17

normal neutrophils

Answer 17

45-75%

Question 18

C-reactive proteins

Answer 18

normal <10mg/L

infection > 40 mg/L

Question 19

procalcitonin

Answer 19

0.25ug/L – possible

0.5 - 1ug/L encourage Abx

Question 20

SIRS criteria systemic illness

Answer 20

1) Temp >38, <36
2) HR > 90bpm
3) RR > 24 bpm
4) WBC > 12, <4

Question 21

UTI 1)

Answer 21

cystitis:
Dysuria, urgency, freq, nocturia, suprapubic pain/ heaviness, flank pain, gross hematuria (blood in urine)

pyelonephritis:
Fever, rigors, headache, NV, malaise, flank pain, costovertebral tenderness (renal punch), ab pain

labs: UFEME = WBC, RNC neut, CRP, microorg

chemical analysis = nitrite, leuk esterase

• culture

Question 22

SSTI 1)

Answer 22

PMH
wound, blood culture (x wound swab)
clinical presentation

labs (systemic sign of infection), radiography,

Question 23

URTI 1)

Answer 23

centor criteria
viral vs bacterial

Question 24

LRTI 1)

Answer 24

systemic
localised
physical examination

obj evidence (radiographic, lab, urinary antigen test, resp gram stain, blood culture)

Question 25

CNS 1)

Answer 25

clinical presentation (sx, physical examination)

PMH

obj signs (lab, blood culture, lumbar puncture – CSF/ CULTURE/ PCR/ P. , brain imaging)

Question 26

CDAD 1)

Answer 26

Presence of diarrhea
3 unformed stools in 24hrs

OR: radiographic evidence of ileus/ toxic megacolon

              AND

positive stool test result for C.difficile/ toxins

OR Colonoscopic/ histopathologic evidence of pseudomembranous colitis (yellow plaque)

+ diagnostic test (NAAT, PCT, EIA, GDH)

• no receive laxative in last 48hr, no repeat test in <7d

Question 27

STI diagnosis

Answer 27

gonorrhea (gram stain, culture, NAAT)

chlamydia (NAAT)

syphilis (darkfield, serological trep)

herpes (virologic – NAAT, serologic test HSV1,2, PMH)

Question 28

strep pneumo resistant

Answer 28

macrolides, tetracyclines, CMX

must use high dose amox, overcome change in PBP