Adolescents Flashcards
What age range is early adolescents
10-14
What is the age range for late adolescents
17-20
What is the first sign for girls starting puberty
breast development
What is the first sign of boys starting puberty
testicular enlargement
When do girls typically start puberty
8-12
When do boys typically begin puberty
9-13
What is precocious puberty
Onset of puberty 2-3 S.D. before the mean
When is a common timing for a growth spurt for girls
Girls: ~6 months before menses
How long do growth spurts typically last in adolescents
2 years
What are Tanner stages
Sexual maturity rating
How can you measure testes size
Trader Orchidometer
At what age is the brain is fully developed
in the 20s
(Esp. pre frontal cortex)
What are the struggles for adolescents with social/emotional development
Identify
Independance
Intimacy
What are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in adolescents
Car accidents
Homicide & suicide
Alcohol and drug use
Unintended pregnancy
STI
Obesity
At what age are adolescents considered a legal adult
most states: 18
What are the different categories for minors
Emancipated
Medically emancipated
Mature minor
When is the only time you do not need consent to treat a patient
Emergencies
When do you have to break confidentiality with an adolescents
Suicidal
Homicidal
Physical/sexual abuse
Reportable STDs
What are the main topics of communication you should have with adolescents
HEADSS
Home
Education / Employment
Activities
Drugs
Sexuality
Suicide / mental health
When is the only time you would use a speculum in young girls
Suspicion for foreign body or severe trauma
At what age do most girls have their first speculum exam
21
What age do you start doing cervical cancer screening
25
What age do you start scoliosis screening
Usually 9-10 y/o
*Before adolescent growth spurt
What age do you give the meningococcal vaccine
11-12 & 16 (2 doses)
What age do you give the Tdap booster
11-12
What age do you start depression screening
12
When do you test an adolescents hearing
9-11
&
15-17
*Once in both time spans
When is HIV screening done
once between 15-18
When do you test an adolescents vision
12
What heart problems are associated with Marian’s syndrome
Aortic root dilation
Dissection
Aneurysm
How does the arm span compare to height in a person with Marfan’s syndrome
Arm length will exceed height
What is coarctation of the aorta
abnormal narrowing in aorta
What is a benign murmur
Grade less than or equal to 2
-musical or vibratory
-short systolic murmur
What is an AHA-14
Element CV screen
What occurs if there is a positive / abnormal AHA-14 screen
12 lead ECG
Further evaluation-> preferably with pediatric cardiology
