Adolescent development Flashcards
How do psychologist define adolescence
the period of transition period between childhood and adulthood
What changes occur in girls and boys during puberty
for women breast development/menstrual cycle
for men and women pubes/ changes in voice/ etc.
in what ways does the brain continue to grow or change during adolescence
the white matter in the brain continues to grow, increased myelination
What are some significant characteristics of adolescent thinking?
imaginary audience: when they believe they are being watched by everyone
personal fable: where adolescents believe themselves to be special or invulnerable.
Explain Kohl-bergs stages of moral thinking:
Pre-conventional morality: moral decision making strategy driven by potential rewards and punishments rewards.
Conventional morality: moral decision making driven by the desire to follow society’s norms and laws.
Post-conventional morality: moral decision making strategy driven by fundamental rights and ethical principles
How do psychologist define identity
the distinctive qualities that make an individual unique
Explain Erick Erickson’s eight- stage psycho-social theory of development and know what conflicts are being resolved in each stage
( stage1: infancy) - ( age: 0-18 months ) - (crisis: Trust vs. Mistrust ) - ( CQ: Will the people around me take care of me? ) - ( Virtue: Hope )
(stage 2: early childhood ) - ( age: 2-3 y/o ) - ( crisis:Automny vs. shame/doubt ) - ( CQ: can I control myself?) - (virtue: Will )
(stage 3- preschool ) - ( age: 3-5 y/o ) - ( crisis: Intiative vs. guilt) - ( CQ: can I do things on my own? )- ( virtue: purpose )
( stage 4: elementary) - ( age: 6-11 y/o) - ( crisis: Industry vs. inferiority) - (CQ: can I keep up with my peers?) - ( virtue: competence)
(stage 5: Adolescence)- ( age: 12-18 y/o) - ( crisis: identity vs. role confusion )- ( CQ- can I determine who I am?)- ( virtue: Fidelity)
(stage 6: Young adulthood)- ( age: 19-40 y/o)- ( crisis: Intimacy vs. isolation)- ( CQ: can I form a long lasting connection with another person?)- ( virtue: Love)
(stage 7: Middle adulthood)- (age: 40-65 y/o) -( crisis: Generativity vs. stagnation) - ( CQ: can I contribute something valuable?)- ( virtue: care)
(stage 8: Older adulthood)- ( age: 65+)-( crisis: ego integrity vs. despair)- ( CQ: was my life well lived?)- ( virtue: Widsom)
Explain why relationships with both parents and peers are key elements of adolescence
they are very vital for identity development, they are there as moral support. and guidance.
Understand what takes place during the emerging adulthood stage
identity exploration, curiosity, financial struggles, feeling in-between, navigating- careers/relationships.
