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FN 124 > Adolescence Lab > Flashcards

Adolescence Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Adolescence (includes puberty) is the physical transformation of a child into a young adult where biological changes occur such as

(4 items)

(SIAC)

A

-sexual maturation,
-increased height and weight
-accumulation of skeletal mass
-changes in body composition

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2
Q

During adolescence, _________ are consistent but the __________ may vary.

A

-sequence of events
-onset & duration

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3
Q

used to assess to assess biological growth and development in adolescence

A

sexual maturation

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4
Q

2 things needed to monitor in adolescent girls

A

-onset of menses
-change in height

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5
Q

Sexual Maturation Rating (SMR) also known as Tanner Stages with the scale of secondary sexual characteristics allows to assess

A

degree of pubertal maturation regardless of chronological age

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6
Q

what does occur 2-4 yrs after STAGE 2 or initial development of breast buds?

(2 items)

A
  1. height spurt 9.5-14.5 yo)
  2. menarche (1st menses)
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7
Q

2 reasons why adequate
energy and nutrients are by girls

A
  1. to achieve their optimum height
  2. compensate for blood loss due to menarche
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8
Q

% body fat required for menarche to occur

A

17% body fat

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9
Q

% body fat required for devt and maintenance of regular ovulatory cycles

A

25% body fat

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10
Q

What happens to adolescent females before menarche

A

increase in height and weight

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11
Q

What happens to adolescent females during menarche

A

weight gain slows
down

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12
Q

What happens to adolescent females after onset of menses (or menarche)

A

peak muscle mass accumulation occurs

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13
Q

what is needed to be monitored in boy adolescents?

A

onset of growth spurt

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14
Q

What happens to adolescent females at full maturity

A

body fat increases to 26% & peaks at 15-16 yo

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15
Q

what occurs AFTER Stage 4 or testicular & faint facial hair development?

A

height spurt (ages 10.5 to 16.5 yo)

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16
Q

adolescent
boys decrease up to ______ by the end of puberty

A

12% body fat

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17
Q

in adolescent boys, peak height = ? = ?

A

-peak weight

-peak muscle mass

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18
Q

half of the adult____________ is reached during adolescence

A

peak bone mass

19
Q

By age 18, 90% of adult __________ has been formed.

A

skeletal mass

20
Q

adolescence is a
CRITICAL TIME for ___________ prevention.

A

OSTEOPOROSIS

21
Q

3 main interacting levels of influence that impact the adolescent’s eating behavior such as:

A
  1. personal/interpersonal
  2. environmental/community
  3. macrosystem.
22
Q

What are personal/interpersonal factors

A

daily influences that may have profound effect on food choices

23
Q

What are environmental/community factors

A

can either prohibit or promote access to healthy food choices

24
Q

What are macrosystem factors

A

have an indirect influence but may exert
a powerful influence on food choices

25
Q

eating habits of adolescents are not static as they fluctuate throughout adolescence in response to their own

(3 items)

A

physical, psychosocial, and cognitive development

26
Q

changes in adolescent intake may be due to

A

increasingly hectic schedules

27
Q

Anorexia Nervosa characteristics

(3 items)

(DiReFe)

A
  1. distorted body image (overestimation of body fat)
  2. resist treatment & unwilling to examine faulty value and misconceptions
  3. fear of gaining weight leading to lower energy intake and body weight
28
Q

treatment for anorexia nervosa requires multidisciplinary approach where a team is composed of physicians, nurses, psychiatrist, family therapists, and dietitians who work together to resolve 2 sets of issues:

A

(1) food and weight; and
(2) relationships with oneself and others

29
Q

3 Nutrition goals for anorexic patients

(StoStaFoc)

A
  1. stop weight loss & establish regular eating pattern
  2. start with low caloric initial diet due to fear of weight gain
  3. focus on variety of food and energy dense food to gradually increase energy intake
30
Q

3 levels of risk with appropriate management for anorexic patients

A

(1) low-risk patients - nutrition counseling;

(2) intermediate-risk patients - ONS that are energy-dense, high protein in addition to their regular meals;

(3) high-risk patients - hospitalization and tubefeeding to prevent death.

31
Q

Bulimia Nervosa description

A

starving then bingeing, and purging

32
Q

Diagnosis of bulimia nervosa is based on

(#I)

A

-# and frequency of bingeing & purging episodes

-inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain like vomiting or laxative misuse

33
Q

7 emotional stages of bulimia nervosa

(Anti An U R ReDS)

A

(1) anticipation and planning,

(2) anxiety,

(3) urgency to begin,

(4) rapid and uncontrolled consumption of food,

(5) relief and relaxation,

(6) disappointment,

(7) shame or disgust

34
Q

What is emetics

A

purge the food using laxatives or drugs to induce vomiting followed by restrictive dieting which then leads to intense hunger, and the cycle begins again

35
Q

-binge eating and purging would lead to

A

subclinical malnutrition

36
Q

2 treatments for bulimia nervosa

A

-establish regular eating patterns
- regular exercise program for weight maintenance
-mental health professional to help patients with
depression and addictive behaviors

37
Q

What is binge-eating disorder?

A

-normal and overweight individuals who periodically give dieting a try -> restrict energy intake -> then succumb to uncontrollable cravings and binge eat, do not purge like BN

38
Q

Diagnosis of binge eating disorder

A

-# of binge episodes w/ lack of control

39
Q

binge-eating disorder have higher rates of

(SeDDAH)

A

-self-loathing,
-disgust about body size,
-depression,
-anxiety,
-health risk

40
Q

-treatment for binge-eating is to

A

-participate in weight-control programs to improve physical & mental health, and break the cycle of rapid weight losses and gains

41
Q

orthorexia nervosa name accd to Steven Bratman (1997)

A

“ortho” is Greek meaning “correct” and ”orexi”
meaning “appetite”

42
Q

orthorexia nervosa is an obsession with

A

healthy eating w/ associated restrictive behaviors leading to malnutrition, loss of
relationships, and poor quality of life

43
Q

T or F

orthorexia nervosa has an uncertain etiology, no assessment tools and formal diagnostic criteria

A

True

44
Q

Best defense against eating disorders accd to Rolfes

(AHR)

A

-learn to
appreciate his/her own uniqueness

-honor their body’s
real physical needs, unwilling to sacrifice health for conformity

-respect and value oneself may be lifesaving

FN 124 (6 decks)

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