Adipose Tissue

Question 1

Adipose tissue is a specialized type of connective tissue the predominant cells type is

Answer 1

The adipocytes

Question 2

adipose tissue represents % body weight for individuals of normal weight

Answer 2

Men: 15–20%

Women :20–25%

Question 3

Adipocytes are key regulators of

Answer 3

The body’s energy metabolism

Question 4

Caloric value triglycerides versus carbohydrates

Answer 4

9.3 kcal/g for triglycerides versus 4.1 kcal/g for
carbohydrates

Question 5

Two types of adipose tissue

Answer 5

1. White adipose tissue
2. Brown adipose tissue

Question 6

White adipose cells

(Size)

Answer 6

50 um and 150
um

Question 7

White adipose tissue contains

(droplet)

Answer 7

one huge droplet of lipid that makes up 85% of the cell’s weight

Question 8

White adipocytes are
called………….. because triglycerides are stored in a single locus.

Answer 8

Unilocular

Question 9

Each adipose cell usually possesses minute lipid droplets in addition to the single large droplet seen with the light microscope; the droplets are not enveloped by a membrane but show many

Answer 9

vimentin intermediate filaments in their periphery

Question 10

Each adipose cell is surrounded by a

Answer 10

thin external or basal lamina.

Question 11

White adipose tissue is subdivided into incomplete lobules by

Answer 11

a partition of connective tissue containing a rich vascular bed and nerve network.

Question 12

White adipose tissue triglycerides derived from

Answer 12

1. Dietry fats transported as chylomicrons
2. Triglycerides sythesised in the liver and transported as VLDLs
3. Local synthesis of free fatty acids and glycerol from glucose

Question 13

chylomicrons (size)

Answer 13

upto 1200 um in diameter.

Question 14

chylomicrons (structure)

Answer 14

1. Central core of mostly triglycerides+ small amounts of cholesterol esters
2. Surrounded by stabilizing monolayer of apolipoproteins, cholesterol and phospholipids

Question 15

Chylomicrons and VLDL are both hydrolyzed at the luminal surfaces of blood capillaries in adipose tissue by

Answer 15

lipoprotein lipase

Question 16

lipoprotein lipaseis synthesized by the

Answer 16

adipocyte and transferred to the capillary cell membrane.

Question 17

Free fatty acids enter the adipocyte
by both

Answer 17

active transport and diffusion

Question 18

Within the adipocyte, the fatty acids

Answer 18

combine with glycerol phosphate, supplied by
glucose metabolism, to form triglycerides once again.

Question 19

Insulin also stimulates

Answer 19

1. Uptake of glucose into adipocytes
2. Increases the synthesis of lipoprotein lipase.

Question 20

Retroorbital fat pads resists

Answer 20

long periods of starvation

Question 21

Adipocytes undergo differentiation from

Answer 21

embryonic mesenchymal cells

Question 22

Early lipoblasts have the
appearance of

Answer 22

fibroblasts but are able to accumulate fat in their cytoplasm.

Question 23

White adipose tissue begins to accumulate at week ……. of gestation

Answer 23

30

Question 24

Brown adipose tissue constitutes …………..% of new born body weight

Answer 24

2-5%

Question 25

Brown adipose tissue is located mainly in the neonates

Answer 25

1. Back
2. Neck
3. Shoulders

Question 26

In adults brown adipose tissue is found around the:

Answer 26

1. Kidneys
2. Adrenal Glands
3. Aorta
4. Mediatstinum

Question 27

Brown fat colour comes from

Answer 27

Mitochondria (cytochrome pigment)

Question 28

Brown adipose cells (lipid droplets)

Answer 28

contains a great number of lipid droplets
of various sizes

Question 29

Brown adipose tissue principal function of

Answer 29

heat production

Question 30

Norepinephrine release into brown adipose tissue activates

Answer 30

hormone-sensitive lipase present in adipose cells promoting hydrolysis of triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 31

Transformation of one type of adipose tissue directly to the
other

Answer 31

apparently does not occur