adhd treatment Flashcards
Flashcard 1:
Q: What is the first line treatment for ADHD in children under 5 years old in the UK?
A: According to NICE guidelines, parent-training/education programs are the first line of treatment for ADHD in preschool-aged children.
Flashcard 2:
Q: How do parent-training/education programs work in managing ADHD in children?
A: These programs help parents and caregivers develop strategies to handle disruptive behaviors, improve parent-child relationships, and enhance a child’s self-esteem and skills.
Flashcard 3:
Q: What is the first line treatment for ADHD in school-aged children and young people?
A: Medication is usually recommended as the first line treatment for school-aged children and young people after a full assessment has taken place. The most commonly used drugs are methylphenidate, atomoxetine, and dexamfetamine.
Flashcard 4:
Q: How does methylphenidate work in the treatment of ADHD?
A: Methylphenidate works by increasing the levels of certain chemicals in the brain that help with symptoms of ADHD. It is a stimulant medication.
they are DA and NA reuptake inhibitors
Flashcard 5:
Q: What are the common side effects of methylphenidate?
A: Common side effects can include decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, headaches, and stomach aches. Less commonly, mood swings and dizziness can occur.
Flashcard 6:
Q: How does atomoxetine work in the treatment of ADHD?
A: Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant drug that works by selectively inhibiting the reuptake of noradrenaline in the brain, thereby increasing the concentration of the neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft.
Flashcard 7:
Q: What are the common side effects of atomoxetine?
A: Common side effects can include stomach aches, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, and mood swings.
Flashcard 8:
Q: How does dexamfetamine work in the treatment of ADHD?
A: Dexamfetamine, another stimulant medication, works by increasing the amount of dopamine and norepinephrine between synapses in the brain to help increase concentration and decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity in ADHD patients.
Flashcard 9:
Q: What are the common side effects of dexamfetamine?
A: Common side effects can include decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, headaches, and mood swings.
Flashcard 10:
Q: When are psychological treatments recommended in the management of ADHD?
A: NICE guidelines suggest considering psychological treatments such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults with ADHD, and for children and young people with ADHD who refuse medication, cannot tolerate it, or if it is ineffective.
Flashcard 11:
Q: What is the role of education in the management of ADHD?
A: Education about ADHD is crucial for the person with ADHD and their family to help them understand the condition, treatment options, and how to manage symptoms.
Flashcard 12:
Q: How is the effectiveness of ADHD treatments monitored?
A: The effectiveness of ADHD treatments is typically monitored through regular reviews, which may include discussing symptoms, side effects, mood, behavioural changes, and academic or occupational functioning.
Flashcard 13:
Q: What is lisdexamfetamine and when is it used in the treatment of ADHD?
A: Lisdexamfetamine is a prodrug of dexamfetamine that is considered if methylphenidate proves to be ineffective or is not tolerated. It’s used for children, young people, and adults.
Flashcard 14:
Q: How does lisdexamfetamine work in the treatment of ADHD?
A: Lisdexamfetamine is converted into dexamfetamine in the body. It increases the amount of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps increase concentration and decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity in ADHD patients.
Flashcard 15:
Q: What are the common side effects of lisdexamfetamine?
A: Common side effects can include decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, dry mouth, and increased heart rate.
