ADHD (lec 1) Flashcards
ADHD definition?
more severe or frequent persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity than typical
sxs affect cognitive, academic, behavioral, emotional, social fxning
Pathophys of ADHD?
(P) ↓ dopamine/norepi in brain
(P) environmental
Inattention presents as?
careless mistakes doesn't listen doesn't follow thru can't organize loses things forgetful
Hyperactivity-Impulsivity presents as?
runs/climbs inappropriately excessive talking fidgeting can't wait turn interrupts/intrudes
Types of ADHD?
1) Combined (inattentive AND hyper-impulsive)
2) Predominantly Inattentive
3) Predominantly Hyper-Impluse
DMS Dx Criteria for ADHD?
≥ 6 inattent or hyper sxs lasting ≥ 6 mo and inconsistent w/ developmental level
sxs before age 7
sxs of impairment in ≥ 2 settings
clinically significant impairment in social, academic, occupational fxn
sxs not accounted for w/ other mental disorder
ADHD eval includes? (4)
1) Comprehensive developmental, educational, psych/soc
2) Review medical, social, family hxs
3) Interview patient/parents
4) Info from caregivers/teachers
Purpose of ADHD eval? (4)
1) confirm sxs
2) find fxnl complications
3) exclude other causes of sxs
4) identify comorb psych conditions
Questions for parents?
1) Doing in school?
2) Learning problems?
3) Happy in school?
4) Behavior problems school/home/play?
5) Problems completing things?
Questions for teachers?
1) Behavior?
2) Interventions required?
3) Learning patterns?
4) Fxnl impairment?
5) Child’s schoolwork?
6) Grades?
Rating scales completed by whom?
Parents and teachers
Rating scales done when?
diagnosis
med titration
regular med f/u
Behavior modifications include? (9)
1) daily schedule
2) minimize distractions
3) specific/logical places to keep work/toys/clothes
4) small, reachable goals
5) positive rewards
6) charts/checklists to help staying on task
7) limit choices
8) activities child can do
9) calm discipline
Educational interventions? (9)
1) tutoring
2) individualized programs
3) write assignments on board
4) smaller class sizes
5) sit by teacher
6) frequent breaks
7) extra time for tasks
8) signal for teacher when off task
9) daily reports to parents
Criteria for meds? (8)
1) complete/confirmed diagnosis of ADHD
2) ≥ 6 yo
3) parents agree meds are part of overall mgt
4) school will cooperate
5) healthy HR/BO w/o seizures, tourettes
6) w/o developmental delay
7) w/o significant anxiety
8) no risk of substance abuse in household
