ADHD / Child & Adolescent Disorders Flashcards
What are the neurodevelopmental disorders?
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
- Motor Disorders
What are the disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders?
oppositional defiant disorder
intermittenet explosive disorder
conduct disorder
antisocial personality disorder
What are the core components of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
- deficits in social communication and social interaction
- presence of restricted-repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities
What percent of school aged children are affected by ADHD?
5-10%
What are the hallmarks of ADHD?
Key diagnostic elements?
- developmentally inappropriate poor attention span
OR
- age-inappropriate features of hyperactivity and impusivity
OR
- both
persists at least 6 months, impairment in academic or social areas, occurs in child prior to age of 12 yrs old
What are the comorbitidies & confounders seen with ADHD?
- anxiety disorder
- bipolar disorder
- depressive disorder
- intermittent explosive disorder
- obsessive-compulsive disorder
- post traumatic stress disorder
- substance abuse disorder
- tourette’s disorder
What is the diagnostic criteria for inattentive ADHD?
6+ for >6 month
- fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in homework, work, or other activities
- has difficulties sustaining attention in tasks or play activities
- does not seem to listen when spoken to directly
- does not follow through instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace
- has difficulty organizing tasks & activities
- avoids, dislikes or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental efforts
- loses things necessary for tasks or activities
- easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
- forgetful in daily activities
What is the diagnostic criteria for hyperactive/impulsive ADHD?
6+ for >6 mo.
- fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat
- leaves seat in classroom or in other situations in which remaining seated is expected
- runs about or climbs excessively in situations in which it is inappropriate
- has difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities quietly
- “on the go” or often acts as if “driven by a motor”
- talks excessively
- blurts out answers before questions have been completed
- has difficulty awaiting turn
- interrupts or intrudes on others
What is a tic?
sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic motor movement or vocalization
What tic disorder is characterized by:
- both motor & vocal tics present ; but need not be present concurrently
- tics may wax & wane but have persisted longer than 1 year since first tic onset
- onest of tic is before age 18
Tourette’s Disorder
What tic disorder is characterized by:
- either motor or vocal tics are present NOT both
- tics may wax & wane, but they have persisted longer than one year since first tic onset
- onset is before 18 years old
Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder
[criteria have never been met for tourette’s disorder]
What tic disorder is characterized by:
- either motor and or vocal tics
- the tic has been presented for less than one year since the first tic onset
- onset is before age 18 yrs
Provisional Tic Disorder
[criteria have never been met for either tourette’s disorder or persistent motor or vocal tic disorder]
What is the diagnostic criteria for oppositional defiant disorder?
4+ for >6mo.
< 5 yrs- most days
>5 yrs- once/week
Often..
- loses temper
- argues with adults
- actively defies or refuses to comply with adults’ requests or rules
- deliverately annoys people
- blames others for his/her mistakes or misbehavior
- is touchy or easily annoyed by others
- is angry adn resentful
- is spiteful or vindictive
What is meant by “angry/irritable mood”
often loses temper or is often touchy or easily annoyed or is often angry and resentful
What is meant by “argumentative/defiant behavior”?
argues with authority figures, often defies or refuses to comply with requests from authority figures, deliberately annoys others, often blames others for his/her mistakes
What is meant by “vindictive”?
has been spiteful or vindictive at least twice within the past 6 months
What is the disorder characterized by:
recurrent behaviorla outbursts that represent an inability to control aggressive impulses, as either
1) verbal aggression or physical aggession toward property, animals or other people
OR
2) 3 bahavioral outbusts resulting in damage or destruction to property or physical assauls resulting in physicla injury to animals or people w/in 12 mo.
Intermittend explosive disorder
What is the diagnostic criteria for the
1) verbal aggression or physical aggession toward property, animals or other people in itnermittend explosive disorder?
2) 3 bahavioral outbusts resulting in damage or destruction to property or physical assauls resulting in physicla injury to animals or people w/in 12 mo.
1) verbal aggression or physical aggession toward property, animals or other people in itnermittend explosive disorder?
- occurs at least 2/week for a period of 3 months
- physical aggression does NOT result in damge or destruction to propterty or injury to animals or peopel
2) 3 bahavioral outbusts resulting in damage or destruction to property or physical assauls resulting in physicla injury to animals or people w/in 12 mo.
- -magnitude of the aggressiveness is grossly out of proportion the provocation or precipitating psychosocial stressor
- -aggression/outbutst is not premeditated
- -individual is at least 6 years of age to be diagnosed
Whta is the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder?
3+ in past 12 months or 1+ in past 6 mo.
- aggression to peopel & animals (confrontational)
- destruction of property
- deceitfulness or theft
- serious violatiosn of rules
childhood onset - one symptom before 10 yr
adolsecent onset - onset after 10 yr
What disorder is characterized by a pervasie pattern of disregard for & violation of the rights of others?
antisocial personality disorddr
What is the diagnostic criteria for antisocial personality disorder?
- onset from at least age 15 yr (evidence of conduct disorder)
- must be 18 yr to be diagnosed
AND 3+
- failure to conform to social norms by repeatedly peerforming acts that are grounds for arrest
- deceitfulness: repeated lying, using aliases, “conning” other for profit or pleasure
- impulsivity/failur to plan ahead
- irritability/aggressiveness: repeated physical fights or assaults
- reckless disregard for the safety of self or others
- consistent irresponsibility: failure to be consistent with work or to honor financial obligations
- lack of remorse for one’s misdeeds: indifference or rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another
What is the “ADHD continum”?
ADHD -> oppositional Defiant Disorder -> Conduct Disorder -> Antisocial Personality Disorder
Axious School Refusal / school phobia is realted to what disorder?
separation anxiety
What are the anxiety disorders seen in children?
separation anxiety disorder
selective mutis
specific phobia
social anxiety disorder
panic disorder
agoraphobia
generalized anxiety disorder
