ADHD Flashcards

1
Q

ADHD

A
  • inattention
  • impulsivity and hyperactivity
  • last at least 6 months
  • to a degree that is maladaptive and inconsistent with developmental level
    symptoms must be before 12 years in 2 or more settings
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2
Q

inattention

A

6 or more symptoms present for 6 months
- fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes
- trouble holding attention
- doesn’t listen when spoken to
- doesn’t follow instructions
- trouble organizing
- avoids that require mental effort over long period

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3
Q

hyperactivity and impulsivity

A

6 or more symptoms present for 6 months
- fidgets
- leaves seat
- runs/climbs
- unable to be quiet when required
- blurts out answers
- trouble waiting for turns

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4
Q

preschool/toddler characteristics

A

more active, rapid mood changes, restless behavior

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5
Q

school age children characteristics

A

increased social demands, cooperative play, might get pushed away

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6
Q

adolescence characteristics

A

overactivity subsides: replaced with restlessness (mind jumps)

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7
Q

etiology

A
  • neurotransmitters: deficit in person with ADHD
  • lower brain activity in frontal lobe
  • lower brain activity on EEG
  • lower brain volumes in some regions
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8
Q

genetics vs environment

A
  • ADHD is more related to heredity than to environment
  • genetics: some characteristics show across family
  • environment: toxins, lead, family environment (make dealing with ADHD worse)
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9
Q

intervention

A
  • drugs
    • stimulants: increase dopamine (ritalin)
    • SNRI: selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (strattera)
  • no diet
  • behavioral therapy
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10
Q

language impairments

A
  • lower academic achievement, reading problems, grade retention
  • emotional and social skills: describe emotions, pause before thinking
  • executive functioning: set of mental processes that help us to connect past experiences with present action
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11
Q

major areas of executive functioning

A
  • planning/organizing
  • working memory
  • initiation
  • make plans
  • keep track of time/finish work on time
  • engage in group dynamics
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12
Q

what can we do?

A
  • executive functioning: assist with organization
  • behavior management: goals/rewards, parenting programs
  • social skills: work to improve
  • concurrent language disorders
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