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Spinal Final > Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology > Flashcards

Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the attachment sites of the ponticulus posticus?

A

it is attached to the arcuate rim of the posterior arch of C1 and to the superior articular process of the lateral mass of C1

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2
Q

What other name may be used to identify a ponticulus posticus?

A

Kimmerle’s anomaly

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3
Q

What names are given to the opening formed by the ponticulus posticus?

A

arcuate foramen or retroarticular canal

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4
Q

What amount of flexion-extension is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about 25 degrees

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5
Q

What amount of axial rotation is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about 3-8 degrees one side axial rotation

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6
Q

What amout of lateral bending is accommodated but the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about 5 degrees

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7
Q

Which motion is best accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

flexion-extension

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8
Q

What histological feature is present on the anterior surface of the transverse atlantal ligament?

A

fibrocartilage at the surface of the ligament articulating with C2

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9
Q

What is the function of the transverse atlantal ligament?

A

it is primary stabilizer of the atlanto-axial joint restricting the distance of C2 from the anterior arch of C1

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10
Q

What is the ADI?

A

the Atlanto-Dental Interspace, a radiographic distance between the surfaces of the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint

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11
Q

What is the ADI of children compared with that of adults?

A

about 4.5mm in children; a range of 2-3mm or about 2.5mm in adults

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12
Q

What ligament forms the medial, posterior boundary of the IVF at C1/C2?

A

the posterior atlanto-axial ligament

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13
Q

What are the degrees of movement facilitated at the atlanto-axial joint?

A

about 20 degrees flexion-extension, 40 degrees one side axial rotation, and 5 degrees of lateral bending

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14
Q

The occiput-C1-C2 joint complex accounts for what percent of all cervical axial rotation?

A

about 60%

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15
Q

What are the attachment sites for the apical ligament of the dens or apicodnetal ligament?

A

the anterior margin of the foramen magnum and the tip of the odontoid process of C2

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16
Q

What is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dents or the apicodental ligament?

A

the notochord

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17
Q

What ligament attaches to eh posterolateral part of the odontoid process of C2 and to surfaces on the medial border of the occipital condyle or as far anterior as the anterior lateral margin of the foramen magnum?

A

the alar ligament

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18
Q

What is the function of the alar ligament?

A

together they function to resist axial rotation

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19
Q

What are the attachment sites for the superficial layer of the membrane tectorial or tectorial membrane?

A

the posterior part of the inferior epiphyseal rim and vertebral body of C2 to the capsular ligament of the atlanto-occipital joint and cranial dura of the posterior cranial fossa

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20
Q

What lies in front of the deep layer of the membrana techtoria or tectorial membrane?

A

the cruciate ligament

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21
Q

An intra-articular ligament will be identified with which ribs?

A

ribs 2-9

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22
Q

Which vertebrae will have a synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) costotransverse joint?

A

typically T1-T10

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23
Q

At what rib will the superior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

the first rib

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24
Q

What ligaments will attach to the neck of the 12th rib?

A

the superior costotransverse ligament from T11 and the lumbocostal ligament form L1

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25
Q

What unique ligament is present at the 12th rib?

A

the lumbocostal ligament

26
Q

Which ribs will have an attachment for the inferior costotransverse ligament?

A

rib 1-rib 11

27
Q

At what rib will the inferior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

the 12th rib

28
Q

What is the name of the space between the transverse process and the neck of the rib?

A

the costotransverse foramen

29
Q

Which ligament “fills” the costotransverse foramen?

A

the inferior costotransverse ligament

30
Q

At what rib will the lateral costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

the 12th rib

31
Q

Which vertebral couples of the thoracic spine have the greatest motion?

A

T11/T12 and T12/L1

32
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

flexion-extension

33
Q

Which range of motion is least for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

34
Q

Which range of motion is least for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

35
Q

Based on current literature what common ligaments are absent at the lumbosacral joint?

A

ligamentum muchas, interspinous ligament and supraspinous ligament

36
Q

Which ligaments replace the intertransverse ligament at the lumbosacral joint?

A

the iliolumbar ligament and lumbosacral ligament

37
Q

What are the attachment sites for the lumbosacral ligament?

A

the sacral ala and ventrolateral surface of sacrum attach to the transverse process of L5

38
Q

What muscle is intimately attached to the superior iliolumbar ligament?

A

quadratus lumborum

39
Q

Which of the current ligaments from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the iliolumbar ligament of classical descriptions?

A

the superior iliolumbar ligament

40
Q

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the lumbosacral ligament of classical descriptions?

A

the inferior iliolumbar ligament

41
Q

Which vertebral couple of the lumbar spine has the greatest range of motion?

A

L5/S1

42
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for all lumbar vertebral couples?

A

flexion-extension

43
Q

Which range of motion is least for L1-L5 vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

44
Q

Which range of motion is least for the L5/S1 vertebral couple?

A

one side lateral bending

45
Q

What ligament represents the continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

the anterior sacrococcygeal ligament

46
Q

What ligament represents the continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

the deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

47
Q

What ligament represents the homolog of the ligamentum flavum at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

the superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

48
Q

What is the homolog of the intertransverse ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

the lateral sacrococcygeal ligament

49
Q

What is the homolog of the intertransverse ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

the lateral sacrococcygeal ligament

50
Q

What is the auricular surface of sacrum composed of?

A

true articular cartilage, a modification of hyaline cartilage

51
Q

What is the auricular surface of the ilium composed of?

A

articular cartilage, interspersed with fibrocartilage

52
Q

Which gender is biased with greater unevenness of the auricular surface of the sacroiliac joint?

A

males

53
Q

What forms the accessory sacroiliac joint?

A

the sacral tuberosity and the iliac sulcus

54
Q

What does ankylosis mean?

A

a condition of fibrous adhesion occurs within the joint

55
Q

What is the age and gender bias associated with ankylosis of the sacro-iliac joint?

A

age 50 and male bias particularly in African American males

56
Q

What is the age and gender bias associated with ossification of the anterior sccro-iliac ligament?

A

age 40 and male bias

57
Q

Which is the strongest of the scare-iliac ligaments?

A

the interosseous sacroiliac ligament

58
Q

What passes between the layers of the interosseous sacro-iliac ligament?

A

dorsal rami from the sacral spinal nerves

59
Q

What is formed by the continuation of the sacrotuberous ligament along the ischial ramus?

A

the falciform process

60
Q

What separates the greater sciatic and lesser sciatic foramina?

A

the sacrospinous ligament

61
Q

What is the function of the sacro-ischial ligaments?

A

they oppose the upward tilt of the sacral apex and resist the rotation of sacrum between the innominate bones

Spinal Final (23 decks)

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