Additional Content for Final Flashcards
Sarcopenia - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
Presbycusis
Loss of hearing
Presbycusis - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
Loss of taste and smell - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
Longer for recall - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
Memory loss - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Abnormal
Needing less sleep - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
Farsightedness - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
____M are uninsured or underinsured
3.8
What percent of maternal deaths occur in the postpartum period?
52%
Black women are ____ times more likely to experience maternal death than other women of different races
2.5
Overdose death rates have increased by ___ in over half the states.
> 30%
What are three areas for change to impact health equity?
(1) policies
(2) systems and organizations’ policies and procedures
(3) environment - physical, social, economic
The Federal Interagency Technical Working Group on Race and Ethnicity is doing what?
Allowing for multiple responses when self-identifying for race and ethnicity
What are the three main goals of addressing ageism?
(1) challenge stereotypes
(2) promote inclusivity
(3) enhance accessibility
Raising awareness about the diversity of older adults and challenging stereotypes related to age and ability
Challenging stereotypes
Encouraging organizations serving older adults to develop inclusive programs that cater to a wide range of ages and abilities
Promote inclusivity
Advocate for the creation of accessible outdoor spaces and amenities that accommodate the needs of older individuals
Enhance accessibility
Loss of elasticity and subcutaneous fat - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
Pupil size decrease - Normal and abnormal sign of aging?
Normal
Presbyopia
Gradual loss of eyes’ ability to focus on near objects
____ is less sensitive after age 80
Taste
Name at least 2 things that happen to the heart as you age
(1) arteries stiffen
(2) BP increases
(3) decreased contractile strength
____ is helpful for the aging brain and body
Exercise
Name 2 risks that increase with aging
(1) polypharmacy
(2) falls
What is polypharmacy?
The use of 5 or more medications
What is a rising concern for the aging population?
Available healthcare clinicians d/t the increasing population of older adults
By what year will 25% of Americans be 65 yo and older?
2060
Name a product / tool that has racial bias
Pulse oximeters - mostly tested on lighter-pigmented skin
Two main goals of Age Friendly Minnesota are what?
(1) belonging
(2) engagement
Beers criteria is…?
List of medications that may be more dangerous for older adults / put older adults at risk
Chronic diseases in America drive $___ in annual healthcare costs
4.1T
Name the 7 leading causes of death and disability in the US
(1) heart disease
(2) cancer
(3) chronic lung disease
(4) stroke
(5) Alzheimer’s disease
(6) diabetes
(7) chronic kidney disease
Name the 4 key lifestyle risks for chronic disease
(1) tobacco use
(2) poor nutrition
(3) lack of physical activity
(4) excessive alcohol use
Name at least 3 pieces of information that can be taken from a basic health screening in a Primary Care Clinic
(1) height, weight, BMI
(2) blood pressure
(3) colorectal cancer
(4) diabetes
(5) hearing
Colonoscopy should be tested until what age?
Age 75
When should women get mammograms?
Women, ages 40-74
What does a pap smear screen for?
Cervical cancer
Until what age should women get screened for cervical cancer?
age 65
What is the screening for prostate cancer?
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
List the 6 vaccines older adults should get
(1) Flu shot
(2) COVID-19
(3) Tdap
(4) Tetanus-Diphtheria (Td or Tdap booster)
(5) Pneumococcal Vaccine
(6) Shingles
Name at least 3 subjects that we should screen for at primary care appts for older adults
(1) Depression and anxiety
(2) Alcohol and tobacco use
(3) Safety
(4) Review meds and risk for interactions
(5) STIs
(6) Diet and exercise
(7) Fall information
(8) Osteoporosis
What is the 4Ms?
A national campaign and framework and evidence-based tool for a health system to improve care for older adults
Name the 4Ms?
(1) What Matters
(2) Medication
(3) Mobility
(4) Mind / Mentation
Prioritizing the older adult’s specific health goals and care preferences
What Matters
Using age-friendly meds that don’t interfere with what matters, mentation, or mobility
Medication
Identifying and managing depression, dementia, and delirium
Mentation
Ensuring older adults can move safely to maintain function and do what matters
Mobility
When is the pneumococcal vaccine recommended?
Routinely after age 65
____ will help to deliver high-quality care and locally-adapted across care systems
4Ms
What are the three Rs associated with caring for the caregiver?
(1) Resources
(2) Recognition
(3) Research
A nurse is assessing an older adult for cognitive changes. Which symptom will the nurse report as normal?
A. Disorientation
B. Poor judgment
C. Slower reaction time
D. Loss of language skills
C.
An advanced directive can be what two things?
Living will or durable power of attorney for healthcare
What is a surrogate?
Decision-maker on behalf of the patient
A legal document that states a person’s wishes for medical care if they are unable to communicate them
Advanced directive
Name two resources for informal caregivers
(1) US Dept of Health and Human Services: Caregiver Resources
(2) Caregiver Action Network
