Addiction Module 2 Flashcards
Signs and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal delirium
-Hallucination, delusions, autonomic nervous system hyperactivity, seizures
-Happen anytime in the first 72 hours
-Delusions and visual and tactile hallucinations
-Autonomic hyperactivity may result in tachycardia, diaphoresis, fever, anxiety, insomnia, and hypertension.
Characteristics of codependence
-Supporting the person’s addiction
-Helping them maintain their addiction
-Prohibiting person from negative consequences of addiction AND Getting increased self-worth from doing these things
-Caretaking
-Perfectionism
-Denial
-Poor Communication
-People Pleasing
opioid medications
Heroin
Percocet
Morphine
Oxycodone
Meperidine
Codeine
Hydrocodone
Treatment medication for OUD
- naloxone (antidote)
- naltrexone (maintenance)
- clonidine (antihypertensive for withdrawal)
- buprenorphine (for withdrawal)
Expected time frame for alcohol withdrawal symptoms
- 6-8 hours after the last drink.
- DT within 72 hrs of last drink.
Effects and uses of chlordiazepoxide
Used for withdrawal/sedation, decreased anxiety, and blood pressure. Use the CIWA-AR scale to assess dose according to agency policies. Assess for seizures that could lead to delirium tremens (DTs). If not treated, coma and ultimately death.
Effects and uses of disulfiram
Maintenance, relapse prevention, aversion therapy/physical effects when alcohol is used: Intense nausea and vomiting, headache, diaphoresis (sweating), flushed skin, dyspnea (respiratory difficulties), and confusion. Avoid all alcohol and substances such as cough syrup and mouthwash containing alcohol.
Effects and uses of naltrexone
Withdrawal, relapse prevention, decrease pleasurable feelings and cravings/oral or long-acting (once a month) injectable form. Nausea usually goes away after the first month; headache, sedation. Pain at the injection site, the patient needs to be opiate-free 10 days before initiation of medication.
Drug abuse in a coworker
-S/s: Increased patient complaints, more drug wasting, unkempt
-Treatment through license revocation by state board OR peer assistance; tell supervisor but first assess the situation
Blood alcohol levels
- > 0.08 - 0.10 is legal intoxication
- > 0.4 is death
What are the concepts central to substance abuse?
Addiction
Intoxication
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Addiction
Individuals with addictions are unable to consistently abstain from the substance or activity. They are also unwilling or unable to recognize the extent to which the addictions are creating serious problems in functioning, interpersonal relationships, and emotional responses.
Intoxication
Individuals who are using substances are considered to be under the influence, intoxicated, or high.
Tolerance
When a person no longer responds to the drug in the way that the person initially responded
Withdrawal
Physiological symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance.