addiction Flashcards
pathophysiology of a high
mediated by the mesolimbic dopamine pathway - pleasure centre of the brain
when does withdrawal typically occur
within 6-8 hours
clinical presentation of opioid withdrawal
insomnia, dysphoria, cravings, agitation, tachycardia, hypertension, N+V
medical management of opioid dependence
methadone or buprenorphine
how do we manage an opioid overdose
naloxone
what is a life-threatening complication of alcohol withdrawal
delirium tremens
when does delirium tremens usually present
day 3 of withdrawal
1st line management of delirium tremens
oral lorazepam
clinical presentation of delirium tremens
paranoid delusions, hallucinations and seizures
what is formication
sensation of small insects crawling on or under the skin
what is a major complication of chronic alcohol abuse
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
what causes wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
B1 (thiamine) deficiency
what is used to monitor signs of alcohol withdrawal
CIWA score
what may precipitate Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
a period of excess vomiting
clinical presentation of wernickes encephalopathy
ataxia, confusion and ocular abnormalities
management of wernickes encephalopathy
high dose IV thiamine -> pabrinex
complication of untreated wernickes encephalopathy
korsakoffs psychosis
clinical presentation of korsakoffs psychosis
retrograde and anterograde amnesia
confabulation
medical management of a patient with alcohol dependence
benzodiazepines
