Adaptive Immunity (18)

Question 1

the body’s ability to recognize and defend itself against distinct invaders and their products (specific)

Answer 1

Adaptive Immunity

Question 2

5 attributes of adaptive immunity

Answer 2

Specificity
Inducibility
Clonality
Unresponsiveness to self
Memory

Question 3

2 main lymphocytes involved in Adaptive Immunity

Answer 3

B lymphocytes (B cells)
mature in the bone marrow
T lymphocytes (t cells)
mature in the thymus

Question 4

2 types of Adaptive Immune Response

Answer 4

Cell- mediated immune responses

Humoral immune responses (Antibody)

Question 5

Primary lymphoid organs

Answer 5

Red bone Marrow

Thymus

Question 6

Secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 6

Lymph nodes
Spleen
Tonsils
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)

Question 7

2 largest chains of antibodies

Answer 7

Heavy Chain (Bottom set)
also known as the Constant Region and FC region for fragment of crystallization

Question 8

2 smaller chains of antibodies

Answer 8

Light chains (top)

Question 9

2 “arms” or Y shapes antibody molecule

Answer 9

Fab region “ fragment of antigen binding” (top)

also known as Variable Region

Question 10

First antibody produced

Answer 10

IgM

Question 11

Most common and longest lasting antibody

Answer 11

IgG

Question 12

Associated with body secretions

Answer 12

IgA

Question 13

Involved in response to parasitic infections and allergies

Answer 13

IgE

Question 14

Exact function is poorly understood

Answer 14

IgD

Question 15

5 Functions of Antibodies

Answer 15

Neutralization
Opsonization
Oxidation
Agglutination
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity

Question 16

Present on all cells except red blood cells
Recognize endogenous antigens
CD8

Answer 16

MCH I

Question 17

Include B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells
Recognizes exogenous antigens
Present on antigen presenting cells (APCs)
CD4

Answer 17

MCH II

Question 18

Categories of T cells

Answer 18

Helper T cells
Regulatory T cells
Cytotoxic T cells

Question 19

Which cells have:
CD4
APC’s presenting antigens ass with MHC II
Orchestrate Humoral and Cellular immunity
Involved in the activation of macrophages and NK cells

Answer 19

Helper T cells

Question 20

Which cells have:
CD4
APC’s presenting antigens ass with MCH II
Involved in peripheral tolerance and prevention of autoimmune responses

Answer 20

Regulatory T cells

Question 21

Which cells have:
CD8
APCs or infected nucleated cells presenting antigens ass with MCH I
Destroys cells infected with intracellular pathogens
Primary cell for cellular immunity

Answer 21

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 22

Immunity acquired from antibodies passed in breast milk or through placenta

Answer 22

Natural Acquired Passive Immunity

Question 23

Immunity gained through antibodies harvested from another person or an animal

Answer 23

Artificial Acquired Passive Immunity

Question 24

Immunity gained through illness and recovery

Answer 24

Natural Acquired Active Immunity

Question 25

Immunity acquired through a vaccine

Answer 25

Artificial Acquired Active Immunity

Question 26

Purposely infected children with smallpox martial to induce immunity

Answer 26

Process of Variolation

Question 27

Safer than live vaccines

Answer 27

Inactivated (killed) vaccines

Question 28

Deactivated but whole microbes

Answer 28

Whole agent vaccines

Question 29

Antigenic fragments of microbes
Require multiple doses
Chemicals added to increase effective antigenicity

Answer 29

Subunit vaccines

Question 30

Chemically or thermally modified toxins used to stimulate active immunity

Answer 30

Toxoid Vaccines