Adaptive immunity

Question 1

What does adaptive immunity refer to?

Answer 1

the body’s ability to defend
itself against specific invading agents

Question 2

Antigens are substances recognized

Answer 2

recognized as foreign that provoke immune responses

Question 3

Adaptive immunity has both specificity and memory and is divided into 2 types

Answer 3

• Cell-mediated
• Antibody-mediated

Question 4

Immunogenicity -

Answer 4

the ability of cells/tissues to provoke an immune responses
- Reactivity

Question 5

Entire microbes or just parts of microbes may act as

Answer 5

antigens

Question 6

Epitopes.

Answer 6

certain small parts of a large antigen molecule act as the triggers for immune responses.

Question 7

B cells function

Answer 7

can recognize and bind to antigens in lymph,
interstitial fluid, or blood plasma (controlling
extracellular pathogens)

Question 8

only recognize fragments of antigenic proteins
that are processed and presented in a certain way
(controls intracellular pathogens)

Answer 8

T cells function

Question 9

What are cytokines?

Answer 9

small protein hormones that stimulate or
inhibit many normal cell functions

Question 10

Interleukin-1

Answer 10

Produced by macrophages; promotes proliferation
of helper T cells; acts on hypothalamus to cause fever

Question 11

Interleukin-2

Answer 11

costimulates proliferation of helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, and B cells: activates NK cells

Question 12

Interferons (IFNs)
(in′-ter-FE-R-ons)

Answer 12

Produced by virus-infected cells to inhibit viral
replication in uninfected cells;

Question 13

Interferons activate

Answer 13

activate cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, inhibit cell division, and suppress the formation of tumors.

Question 14

Macrophage migration inhibiting factor

Answer 14

Produced by cytotoxic T cells; prevents
macrophages from leaving site of infection.