Adaptations of Gametes Flashcards
what is a gamete
sex cell
List all the parts of a Ovum
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- lipid/yolk droplets
- lysosomes
- zona pellucida
- follicle cells
Describe the function of the Zona Pellucida.
hardens once the sperm nucleus has entered the ovum , this stops entry of other sperms into the ovum ( avoids polyspermy )
Describe the function of lipid droplets.
Source of energy for growth & division
Describe the function of follicle cells.
Secrete chemicals that activate release of enzymes from the sperm
Describe the function of the nucleus in a Ovum.
Contains haploid set of chromosomes
Describe the function of Cytoplasm in the Ovum
Very large so egg can divide immediately
Describe the functions of the Lysosomes in a Ovum.
Release chemicals that cause zona pellucida to harden
Describe the function of the Nucleus in Sperm.
carries one copy of each chromosome
Describe the function of the Sperm head.
Contains the nucleus and lysosomes (acrosome)
Describe the function of the Mid Piece(neck) in Sperm.
contains lots of mitochondria, which makes ATP for the sperms to swim
Describe the function of the Tail (Flagellum) in Sperm.
made for proteins and micro tubules, which uses ATP to propel the sperm forward
Describe the function of the Acrosome in Sperm.
Acrosome is a specially modified lysosome in the sperms head.
The acrosome swells and bursts when the sperm comes into contact with the follicle cells and zona pellucida.
The enzymes in the acrosome digest the follicle cells and zona pellucida to allow the cell membranes of the sperm and ovum to fuse.
Describe the function of Cyptoplasm in Sperm
there very little cyptoplasm in the sperm, which means cells are small and can be released in large numbers.
It also assist motility (movement of sperm)
What is a gamete?
A sex cell
