Adaptations

Question 1

What is an adaptation?

Answer 1

It is something that a living thing has that can enable them more chances of surviving.

Question 2

What are the 2 different types of adaptations?

Answer 2

Behavioral and Physical adaptations

Question 3

What are Behavioral adaptations?

Answer 3

Adaptations that are in the way they behave. An example of this is penguins huddling together so that they retain more heat as in Antarctica, it is very cold and heat is valuable.

Question 4

What are physical adaptations?

Answer 4

Adaptations that are in the strength of an animal, or how it looks that benefits it. An example of this is white fur for antartic fox to camouflage, or bright fur for a male bird to attract a female.

Question 5

What are the factors that animals compete for?

Answer 5

Mates, territory, food, and water.

Question 6

What do plants compete for?

Answer 6

light, water, minerals, and space.

Question 7

Key adaptations of prey

Answer 7

The adaptations of prey tend to be some of how to avoid the predator, and how to better get their food. E.g. giraffes higher neck to reach leafs and camouflage for penguins and peacocks have feathers to scare off predators and mimicry can also be used.

Question 8

Key adaptations of predators

Answer 8

These tend to be able to locate an animal, eat it and do it while the other animals are not aware. E.g. polar bear being able to sneak up because of white fur, a good sense of smell for another animal and potentially stronger teeth for another animal. Another adaptation can be mimicry.

Question 9

How is a plant leaf made?

Answer 9

Top layer to bottom layer:
Cuticle 
Upper epidermis
Palisade
Mesophyll
spongy layer 
lower epidermis
cuticle
At the bottom in the middle of the leaf, there is a guard cell and stoma.

Question 10

What is the purpose of a cuticle?

Answer 10

To prevent water loss in a leaf.

Question 11

What is the purpose of the upper epidermis?

Answer 11

Being transparent so that the light energy can get through(which also brings heat energy)

Question 12

What is the purpose of the palisade layer?

Answer 12

Contains chlorophyll to absorb the light energy.

Question 13

What is the purpose of the mesophyll layer?

Answer 13

The purpose is to exchange gases in such a way that respiration and photosynthesis can be done.

Question 14

What is the purpose of the guard cell?

Answer 14

To open and close the stoma

Question 15

What is the purpose of the stoma and what is it?

Answer 15

The stoma is a hole, which allows gases to exchange. The purpose of the stoma is to be able to change the diffuse rate.

Question 16

Why are chloroplasts green?

Answer 16

Because they reflect green energy.

Question 17

What is a reactant and a product in a word equation of a chemical change?

Answer 17

A reactant is the thing that goes together with another reactant to make something new, which is the product.

Question 18

Uses for glucose in a plant?

Answer 18

Growing a cell wall, can be used in respiration or stored as starch.

Question 19

How are plant leaves adapted to increase the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 19

A high surface area and a transparent cover to let light pass through.

Question 20

How to answer questions with the word ‘describe’?

Answer 20

Statement

Explanation

Question 21

How do adaptations happen?

Answer 21

Animals randomly change sometimes, which can be for good or for bad, and the animals with bad adaptations will die, as well as the normal one while the better adapted one with random mutations will become the main type of that species. This is called natural selection, as it can only happen because the ones that aren’t good enough die without being able to reproduce.

Question 22

What are extremophiles?

Answer 22

Extremophiles are animals that are adapted to extreme environments. E.g. tardigrades.

Question 23

The predator/ prey relationship

Answer 23

If there was a forest with only plants, rabbits and wolves, the less wolves there are the more rabbits there are and the more rabbits there are, the more wolves. The less rabbits, the less wolves.