Adaptation Strategy

Question 1

moving towards social inclusion with policy

Answer 1

1. Canadian Charter of rights and Freedoms; everyone equal before the law, equal protection without discrimination based on identity
2. Canadian Human Rights Act; guiding principle for integration
3. PA sport act; promote PA for everyone and reduce barriers to participation
4. accessibility for Ontarians with disabilities act; accessibility for services, facilities, accommodation, and employment
5. convention on the rights of persons with disability
6. Canada’s CRPD ratification; abide by world standards for disabled rights
7. accessible Canada Act; accessibility in government

Question 2

Canadian v. US legal sys

Answer 2

1. US relies more on legislation; Canada focuses on policy and attitude change through discussion processes
2. has more choices but lack of protection by law, has integration but lacks the support needed to participate fully in life (lacking social inclusion)

Question 3

adaptation type: environmental adaptation

Answer 3

1. distance, space, surface, lighting, sound, temp and humidity, build in equipment, wash/change room/entrance routes

Question 4

adaptation type: equipment adaptation

Answer 4

1. size/weight, colour, surface/texture, sounds, shape, movement

Question 5

adaptation type: procedure/operational adaptation

Answer 5

1. (un)structured, competiitive/cooperative; rule changes, amount of choice given, type and amt of feedback, method of presenting material, level of assistance, phys distance between leader and learner, use of demonstration/modelling, duration of instruction, time intervals between cues

Question 6

adaptation type: human intervention

Answer 6

1. complexity of rules or movement patterns, speed, force, height/distance, pathway/direction, accuracy/timing, time for task, number of trails, number of actions, different body parts/pos

Question 7

adaptation type: task adaptation

Answer 7

least restrictive environments; only modify if cannot change human intervention, procedure/operational adaption, equipment adaptation, and environmental adaptation

Question 8

7 considerations for modifying activities

Answer 8

1. gather information from a variety of sources
2. involving participants in the modification and selection process of activities
3. decisions are based on goals
4. opportunities for autonomy and meaningful challenges for all participants
5. avoid making assumptions about participants
6. focus on abilities, strength, and motivation
7. competitive aspects of activities can be emphasized once skills are well-dev

Question 9

moving towards social inclusion with historical backgrounds

Answer 9

1. facility based; based on medical model, emphasis on physical rehab and segregation, children with mild disabilities were excluded from PA
2. service based; segregated specialized adapted support programmes and services in education
3. normalization; services provide opportunities for access to general public settings to follow the norm, critiques that segregated settings are not normal and definition of normal
4. mainstreaming and integration; legal supports for placing people in equal opportunities to integrate people with impairments into mainstream society; critiques overlook individual differences
5. least restrictive environments;
6. supports based
7. empowerment

Question 10

supports based and empowerment and self-determination inclusion for practitioners

Answer 10

1. support based: as practitioner you must do the work to educate, identify, and create a solution for inclusion
2. empowerment and self-determination: as practitioner must listen and respect voices and decision-making of disabled people and work with them and other people to create a mutually meaningful and appropriate supportive relationship in day-to-day interactions
3. require both perspectives to create social inclusion

Question 11

how to avoid social exclusion

Answer 11

1. move away from emphasis on differences
2. move away from blaming service providers for not understanding the needs of the disability commit and for not properly serving individuals experiencing disability and acknowledge that everyone has a role in social inclusion

Question 12

ability and strength-based approaches: individual

Answer 12

1. assess personal strengths
2. consider pleasure, engagement, meaning
3. use person-centred and individualized approaches
4. work based on the concept of self-determination

Question 13

ability and strength-based approaches: community

Answer 13

1. incorporate voices and opinions from close personal connections
2. use information and support from partnered agencies and org
3. engage in collaborative works with other professional
4. identify resources

Question 14

working with types of support sys resources

Answer 14

1. human: ask people for their opinions and experiences
2. information: from credible source
3. financial resources: gov/org funding, fees/charges, fundraising, grants
4. facility and equipment: accessible and usable facilities and devices
5. transportation: public transport, car-pooling, individual support, outreach programs

Question 15

how to collaborate with and support disabled people

Answer 15

1. collaborate with other org and learning from each other
2. be a role model/leader
3. share positive messages and innovative approaches
4. network between participants, families, policy makers, organizations
5. encourage other people to practice inclusive practices and people with lived exp