AD bony fish

Question 1

Describe rover predators

Answer 1

Fins more or less evenly distributed for stability and manuverability

Constantly moving and searching for prey

Question 2

Describe lie and wait predators

Answer 2

Large gape

Thick Caudal peduncle

Flexible, torpedo like body

Question 3

Describe Maneuvering Specialists and their adaptations for suction feeding

Answer 3

Laterally Compressed Body

Small protusible mouth

Large fins relative to body size

Question 4

Describe spines vs rays

Answer 4

Spines =

Rigid

Never segmented

Often for defense

Rays =

Flexible

Often branched

Mainly for support

Question 5

What is the difference between placoid and ganoid?

Answer 5

Placoid = sharks and rays
“Riblets” decrease drag.

Ganoid = bowfin, paddlefish
Armor-like plates for protection

Question 6

Most bony fish have what type of scales?

Answer 6

Cycloid and Ctenoid

Cycloid: smooth outer edge, soft-rayed fish (e.g., salmon)

Ctenoid: “toothed” outer edge, spiny fish (e.g., bass)

Question 7

What are the 2 main forms of propulsion?

Answer 7

Undulatory: forward thrust is generated by undulatory waves passing down the long, thin body or a long fin

Oscillatory: paired fins generate thrust.

Question 8

How are the demands of terrestrial life different from aquatic life?

Answer 8

Density: H2O is 800x denser than air
Fish remain buoyant
Swim bladder and store oils in liver

Vertebrates require exoskeleton
Bones required for strength
Limb girdles enlarged

Viscosity: H2O has 18x viscosity of air
Fish have a streamlined shape
Utilise undulations of body

For terrestrial = Friction must be generated between limbs and ground