AD Adult

Question 1

(PD) What is the DSM criteria for Panic disorder?

Answer 1

A. Recurrent unexpected panic attacks
B. Followed by 1 mth+ of: persistent worry about attacks/consequence, maladaptive change
C. Not substance/medical
D. not other disorder

Question 2

(PD) What are the three aetiological components?

Answer 2

Temperament: negative affectivity & Anxiety sensitivity
Env: phys/sexual abuse (more common in PD than other ADs), smoking
Genetic: multiple genes implicated

Question 3

(PD) Explain the cycle of panic from trigger to anxiety.

Answer 3

Internal/external trigger-> perceived threat -> (Anxiety -> phys/cog sx-> misinterpretation-> anxiety)

Question 4

(PD) What are the primary perpetuating factors?

Answer 4

• High anxiety sensitivity & catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily changes
• Avoidance: interoceptive, situational

Question 5

(PD) List some assessment scales used for diagnosing PD.

Answer 5

1. Structured clinical interview for DSM 5
2. Anxiety Sensitivity Index (self report, good progress tracker)
3. Panic attach Symptom Q (self report, fear of sx)
4. Panic & Agorophobia scale (outcome measurement, rate past wk frequency/intensity)
5. Beck Anxiety Inventory
   (medical assess prior to treatment important!)

Question 6

(GAD) What is at the core of generalised anxiety disorder?

Answer 6

Pervasive rumination and worry “I’ve always been a worrier”

Question 7

(GAD) What are the diagnostic criteria?

Answer 7

A. Excessive anxiety/worry
B. Difficult to control
C. Assoc with 3+ symptoms (restlessness, easily fatigued, lack concentration, irritability, muscle tension, sleep distrubance)
D. Clin sig distress/impairment
E. Not substance/medical
F. Not other disorder

Question 8

(GAD) Explain the aetiology.

Answer 8

Temperament: behavioural inhibition, negative affectivity, harm avoidance
Environment: Childhood adversities, parental overprotection (no specific env factors)
Genetic: 1/3 of the risk = genetic, overlap with inheritance of neuroticism

Question 9

(GAD) What are the primary perpetuating factors?

Answer 9

1. Ambivalence about nature of worry (“it’s ok/helpful”)-> dont discontinue pattern
2. Worrying blocks other processes necessary for em regulation
3. intolerance of uncertainty
4. Avoidance of triggers

Question 10

(GAD) list some assessment scales.

Answer 10

• Structured Clin interview
• GAD Q
• Penn State Worry Q
• Anxious thoughts inventory

Question 11

(SA) How is the criteria for social anxiety different to the others?

Answer 11

Anxiety about one or more social situations when exposed to possibly scrutiny

• negative evaluation
• worry situation will provoke fear
• fear out of proportion

Question 12

(OCD) What is diagnostic criteria for OCD?

Answer 12

A. presence of obsession/compulsions/both

B. Obsessions/Comp are time consuming/cause stress

Question 13

What are obsessions?

Answer 13

• > Recurrent persistent thoughts, urges, images- intrusive, unwanted, cause distress
• > Attempt to ignore or suppress with other action/thought (compulsion)

Question 14

What are compulsions?

Answer 14

• > repetitive behaviours or mental acts feel driven to perform in response to obsession
• > aimed at preventing/reducing anxiety/distress/dreaded event (not connected in realistic way)

Question 15

OCD aetiology

Answer 15

Temperament: greater internalising sx, high nneg emotionality, behavioural inhibition in childhood
Env: abuse/trauma in childhood
Genetic: 2x greater risk if 1st degree relative suffers (if that onset was in childhood rate ^ 10-fold)

Question 16

OCD perpetuating factors

Answer 16

• compulsions maintain obsessions
  -reassurance seeking
  avoidance of triggers
  -difficulty tolerating doubt
• magical think (though= action)