Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Periodontology > Acute periodontal disorders > Flashcards

Acute periodontal disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different acute gingival disorders?

A 
Non-specific 
Gingival abscess
Traumatic - physical, chemical, thermal
Bacterial and viral 
HIV associated
Fungal - primary herpes 
Allergic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different acute periodontal disorders?

A 
Lateral periodontal abscess
Acute generalised 
Traumatic periapical 
Acute necrotising 
HIV associated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is plaque-related periodontitis?

A

1 week-10 days gingivitis

Goes away if remove plaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is acute herpetic gingivostomatitis caused by?

who does it affect?

A

Caused by herpes simplex virus 1

affects children and young adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is AHG spread?

A

Highly contagious, spread from lesions with 5-7 day incubation period
In many patients - infection sub-clinical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the symptoms of AHG?

A

more serious in adults
Sore, painful mouth
loss of appetite
Numerous vesicles which soon rupture
Ulcers (grey membrane surrounded by red mucosa)
Young children irritable and profuse salivation
Moderate or severe malaise, raised temperature
Lymphadenopathy, stomatitis, pharyngitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is acute herpetic gingivostomatitis treated?

A

Mainly supportive and symptomatic
Fluid intake/cold drinks/soft diet
Analgesics
Anti-pyretics
Topical anaesthetics 5% lignocaine mouthwash
Natually self limiting 10-12 days
Highly infectious - avoid contact with others
Antivirals e.g. acyclovir should be reserved for severe cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are complications of AHG?

A

Herpetic whitlow - if not wearing gloves
Herpetic lesion of eye in dentis if not wearing goggles
Herpeti satellite lesions e.g. caused if child sucks finger and scratches somewhere else
Herpetic encephalomeningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In relation to herpetic infection, who should the dentist not treat?

A

immunocompromised patients if have recurrent herpetic lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the reactivation of the virus HSV1

A

Primary illness leads to infection of the trigeminal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When may you get reactivation of herpes virus (HSV1)?

A

subsequent reactivation can occur
Presents as herpes labialis
Intra-oral re-activation may occur following trauma; surgery or infiltraton anaesthesia
Occasionally a complication of periodontal surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the appearance of HIV associated gingivitis

A

Marginal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when does acute fungal gingivitis occur?

A

Due to superinfection with candida albicans
Seen in patients who wear paritial dentures
Those who have recently finished a course of broad spec antibiotic therapy
Seen in debilitated patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 types of adverse reactions that can be seen via gingivitis?

A

Following systemic administration of drug or chemical

Following direct contact with mouth e.g. cosmetics, mouthwashes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What could the acute allergic gingivitis prevent from happening?

A

Prevents effective cleaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the symptoms of acute allergic gingivitis?

A

Red, shiny gingiva
Oedema
Loss of stippling

17
Q

What are traumatic periodontal disorders associated with

A

Root fracture

18
Q

What are the associations with AUNG?

What is it caused by?

A 
Ulcerarion
Necrosis
Pain
Halitosis
Due to the introduction of new biological flora and stress
19
Q

What are the clincial features of AUNG?

A

Can be localised or whole mouth - often around the lower anteriors
Gingivae sore and bleeding
Ulceration and necrosis of gingival margin, particularly dental papilla
Ulcers covered in grey/yellow slough and painful to touch
Often no systemic symptoms but lymphadenopathy present
Metallic taste and hallitosis
Severe bone loss = periodontal detachment
Can be associated with HIV

20
Q

What is the aetiology of ANUG?

A

Opportunistic infection by anearobes
Fuso-spirocehaetal complex
No evidence condition is transmissable
Lowered resistance predisposes

21
Q

What is the Fuso-spirocehaetal complex that causes ANUG?

A

Treponema vinvetii

Fusobacterium nucleatum

22
Q

What are the predisposing factors of ANUG?

A 
Compromised immune system; HIV, leukemia, malnutrition 
Smoking 
Stress 
poor oral hygiene 
HIV associated = more destructive
23
Q

What is the definition of a lateral periodontal abscess?

A

A collection of pus in the connective tissue wall of the pocket

24
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of lateral periodontal abscess?

A

Pain - tissues surrounding the painful tooth are swollen, small localised enlargement to diffuse swelling
Tissues red or deep red-blue in colour
Lymphadenopathy
The affected tooth and the adjacent teeth are tender to bite on and TTP
Tooth is usually mobile and high in occlusion
Periodontal probing often shows as deep pocket
May be evidence of sinus tract draining the abscess

25
Q

What is the aetiology of lateral periodontal abscess?

A

A deep periodontal pocket with active inflammation and micro-ulceration
Entry of micro-organisms through pocket lining into connective tissue produces abscesses
Get blockage
Trauma
Reduction in host response

26
Q

How could you have a differential diagnosis of lateral periodontal abscess?

A 
History 
Deep pocket
Vital tooth 
Pus in the pocket
Tooth may be extruded 
Radiograph confirms bone loss
27
Q

If it was instead a periapical abscess what would you expect?

A 
History 
Tooth non-vital - may be discoloured
Tooth acute TTP
Pus in the tissues
Tooth may be extruded
Radiograph show apical change 
Radiograph show cavity/restoration near pulp
28
Q

What is the management: extract or retain influenced by?

A

Patient’s wishes
Patient’s medical condition
Prognosis for the tooth
Prognosis for the dentition as a whole

29
Q

If retaining the tooth, how do you manage the lateral periodontal abscess?

A

Drain if fluctuant
RSD if nor fluctuant, aim for drainage through the pocket
Selective grinding to relieve occlusion if appropriate
Hot salt mouthwashes
Review
Antibiotics if systemic involvement

30
Q

What are the prescriptions of antibiotics that can be made?

A

Amoxicillin 5 days with or without metronidazole

Azithromycin 3 days

31
Q

What is the follow up treatment if tooth is retained?

A

Further assessment
Scaling
Plaque control
Periodontal surgery, if appropriate

Periodontology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions