Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > Acute Liver Disease and Fulminant Hepatic Failure > Flashcards

Acute Liver Disease and Fulminant Hepatic Failure Flashcards

1
Q

Define Acute Liver Disease

A

Rapid development of hepatic dysfunction without prior liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Liver Functions

A

Protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
Bile acid and bilirubin metabolism
Hormone and drug metabolism
Immunological defence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most useful liver function test and why?

A

Prothrombin time
Shows how long it takes for your blood to clot in the lab
Good measure of if your liver is making the necessary proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Acute Liver Failure defined as causing?

A

Encephalopathy

Prolonged coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Clinical features of Acute Liver Disease

A

NONE
Jaundice, lethargy, nausea, anorexia, pain, itch, arthralgia
Abnormal LFTs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Causes of Acute Liver Disease

A 
Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E
Cytomegalovirus 
Epstein-Barr Virus 
Drugs
Shock Liver 
Cholangitis 
Alcohol 
Malignancy 
Chronic Liver Disease 
Paracetamol Poisoning

Rare =
Budd Chiari
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Cholestatsis of Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

History Taking

A 
Symptoms 
Duration 
Drugs, including OTC, herbal and food supplements 
Possible toxins 
Alcohol history
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Investigations for Acute Liver Disease

A 
LFTs (including albumin and bilirubin)
Prothrombin time 
HISTORY AND EXAMINATION
Ultra sound, inc. vascular 
Virology 
Investigations of chronic liver disease
RARELY liver biopsy (hepatocytes usually dead before they reach pathologists)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment of Acute Liver Disease

A 
Rest (3-6 months)
Fluids, NO alcohol
Increase calories 
Symptomatic treatment for itch 
Observation for FHF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can you use to try to treat paracetamol poisoning?

A

NAC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drugs which can induce Liver Disease

A

Antibiotics
NSAIDs
Paracetamol, or paracetamol as an ingredient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes of Fulminant Hepatic Failure

A 
Common= 
Paracetamol 
Fulminant viral 
Drugs 
Hep B 
Hep Non A-E
Rare = 
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy 
Mushrooms
Malignancy 
Wilsons 
Budd Chiari 
Hep A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fulminant Hepatic Failure Complications

A 
Encephalopathy 
Hypoglycaemia
Coagulopathy 
Circulatory failure 
Renal failure 
Infection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment of Fulminant Hepatic Failure

A 
Supportive 
Inotropes and fluids
Renal replacement 
Management of raised ICP 
Transplantation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Assessment of Fulminant Hepatic Failure

A

Refer quickly
Repeat bloods and check them every 6 hours
Short window of opportunity
Patients will drop an encephalopathy grade on transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly

GI (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions