Acute Leukemias

Question 1

Diagnosis of Acute Leukemia

Answer 1

1. Determine Blast Count
2. Lymphoid or Myeloid (Immunophenotyping, morphological examination, cytogenetic and molecular analysis)

Question 2

MPO Stain and MPO Antibody

Answer 2

• Differentiation between granulocytes and monocytes
• MPO stain helps stain neutrophils (granulocytes)
• MPO antibody more specifically tags granules (gold staining)

Question 3

Aeur Rods is associated with

Answer 3

AML - cytochemical staining with MPO allows for visualization of cells within the myeloid line

Question 4

Non-specific esterase + Staining

Answer 4

helps distinguish between monocytes and granulocytes

• often observed in monocytes (myeloid line)

Question 5

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Answer 5

clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow blood or tissue

Question 6

AML is positive for CD

Answer 6

CD 13
CD 33
CD 117
negative for TdT (TdT indicates cells within the lymphoid line)

Question 7

AML can be divided into

Answer 7

1. Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia
2. Acute Monoblastic/Monocytic Leukemia
3. AML Myelopdpysia related

Question 8

Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia

Answer 8

associated with increased platelets
associated with Genetic Disease (Down Syndrome)

Question 9

Acute Monoblastic/Monocytic Leukemia

Answer 9

• increased Non specific Esterase + (monocytes)
• less EPO due to decrease in granulocytes

Question 10

AML Myelodysplasia Related

Answer 10

pancytopenia

Question 11

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Answer 11

most common in ages before the age of 6
cells involved in lymphoid Line (CD 34+ )

Question 12

B cells

Answer 12

CD 19
CD 20

Question 13

T cells

Answer 13

CD 3

Question 14

pancytopenia

Answer 14

deficiency in all types of cells

Question 15

thrombocytopenia

Answer 15

abnormally low platelet level