Acute Bronchitis & Pertussis Flashcards
What is the pathophysiology of Acute Bronchitis?
- self limited bronchial inflammation
- associated with viral URI
- Different from chronic bronchitis
What is the etiology of acute bronchitis?
VIRAL!
Which viruses cause Acute Bronchitis?
- Influenza A & B
- Parainfluenza
- Coronavirus
- Rhinovirus
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Acute Bronchitis is a “PRRIC”
T/F: Bacteria can cause Acute Bronchitis
TRUE
- mycoplasma pneumoniae
- chlamydophilia pneumoniae
- Bordetella Pertissus
My Bronchitis is not Chronic
How will a patient with Acute Bronchitis present?
- Cough lasting more than how long?
-
Cough lasting more than 5 days (usually 1-3 weeks)
- +/- productive
- Usually afebrile unless the viral cause of the bacteria is specifically influenza.
- Febrile if bacterial cause
- Chest wall tenderness
- Wheezing
- mild dyspnea
Physical Exam for Acute Bronchitis
- 2 positive findings
- 2 negative findings
- Wheezing+
- Rhonchi+ that clears w/coughing
- Negative for rales- and signs of consolidation-
What diagnostics would you use for Acute Bronchitis?
- WBC is normal to mildly elevated
- CXR: normal or nonspecific, may not be needed
What is the management of Acute Bronchitis?
***Symptomatic Treatment***
- Antitussives (codeine, dextromethorphan)?
- B2 agonists If wheezing
- OTC products: expectorants/mucolytics, antihistamines, decongestants
- Corticosteroids
Main take home points of Acute Bronchitis
- It is mainly VIRAL
- Only 1% of patients have acute bronchitis caused by pertussis.
- 60 - 90% are given abx, even though 99% are viral
- Patient education: Be cautious when pts ask about antibiotics: ACUTE BRONCHITIS IS MAINLY CAUSED BY VIRUSES
What is “whooping cough”
Pertussis
What is the etiology of Pertussis?
Bordetella Pertussis
What is the pathology of Bordetella Pertussis?
Releases toxin that damages cilia and causes airways to swell
What age group is most likely to get Pertussis?
< 2 y/o
How is Bordetella Pertussis transmitted?
- Respiratory droplets
- Incubation 7-17 days
- Contagious for 2 weeks after onset of cough
What is the incubation period of B. Pertussis?
7-17 days