Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology > Acute and Emergency Dermatology > Flashcards

Acute and Emergency Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different groups of acute skin reactions and triggers?

A 
Drug reactions
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Stevens Jonson syndrome
Erythema multiforme
Urticaria
Vasclitis
Erythroderma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different types of skin drug reactions?

A 
Maculopapular
Urticarial
Morbilliform
Papulosquamous
Photo-toxic
Pustular
Lichenoid
Fixed drug rash
Bullous
Itch without rash
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What drugs can commonly cause acute rashes?

A

Antibiotics - penicillins, trimethoprim
NSAIDs
Chemotherapeutic agents
Psychotropic agents - chlorpromazine
Anti-epileptic agents - lamotrigine, carbamazepine
Cardiac drugs - beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, anticoagulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What drugs commonly cause psoriasiform rash?

A

Lithium

Beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is drug induced psoriasiform rash?

A

Psoriasis-like, well-demarcated pink erythema with scale
Sudden onset
No family history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A fixed drug rash always occurs in the same area with the same drug. T/F?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What can trigger vasculitis?

A

Infection
Drugs
Connective tissue disease e.g. RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Patients with vasculitis are less unwell than those with an meningococcal rash. T/F?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How can systemic vasculitis be checked for?

A

Renal BP

Urinalysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is usually drug induced. T/F?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

There is a spectrum disease from Steven Johnson syndrome to toxic epidermal necrolysis. If less than 10% of the skin is involved then what is this classified as?

A

Steven Johnson syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is Steven Johnson syndrome most severe?

A

When there is mucous membrane involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is severely painful. T/F?

A

False - it causes anaesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can fluid imbalance in toxic epidermal necrolysis be assessed?

A

SCORTEN severity scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can toxic epidermal necrolysis be managed?

A 
Stop suspected causative drug
Special mattresses/sheets
Infection control - prophylaxis
Non-adherent dressings
Urology/gynaecology/ophthalmology input
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can cause erythema multiform?

A

HSV
EBV
Occasionally drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

There are target lesions in erythema multiform. This can progress to toxic epidermal necrolysis. T/F?

A

False- there are target lesions which never progress to TEN

18
Q

Give examples of immunobullous disorders?

A 
Bullous pemphigoid
Mucous membrane pemphigoid
Paraneoplastic pemphigoid
Pemphigus
Dermatitis herpetiformis
19
Q

What condition is dermatitis herpetiformis associated with?

A

Coeliac disease

20
Q

What is the cause of pemphigus?

A

Autoantibodies to various skin components o.e.basement membrane proteins in BP on skin biopsy

21
Q

How should immunobullous disorders be investigated?

A

Skin biopsy with immunofluorescence

22
Q

How should dermatitis herpetiformis be treated?

A

Topical steroids
GF diet
Oral dapsone

23
Q

How should immuobullous disorders be treated?

A

Reduce autoimmune reaction via topical and oral corticosteroids
Steroid sparing agents e.g. azathioprine, anti-inflammatory tetracyclines
Burst any blisters
Dressings and infection control
Check for oral/mucosal involvement
Consider screen for underlying malignancy

24
Q

What is urticaria?

A

Itchy

Wheals (hives)

25
Q

For how long do the lesions last in urticaria?

A

Less than 24 hours

26
Q

Urticarial lesions do not scar. T/F?

A

True

27
Q

For how long does acute urticaria last?

A

<6 weeks

28
Q

For how long does chronic urticaria last?

A

> 6 weeks

29
Q

In urticaria there can be angioedema but not anaphylaxis. T/F?

A

True

30
Q

What are the possible causes of urticaria?

A

Immune mediated type one IgE mediated response

Non-immune mediated caused by direct mast cell degranulation e.g. opiates, antibiotics, contrast media and NSAIDs

31
Q

What investigations should be conducted for an urticarial rash?

A

No investigations as it is not normally allergy driven and so there is no patch testing

32
Q

How is urticaria treated?

A 
Antihistamines
Steroids
Phototherapy
Immunosuppression
Omalizumab
33
Q

What are the possible causes of acute urticaria?

A

Viral infections
Medication (NSAIDs, aspirin, ACE inhibitors)
Foods and food additives
Parasitic infections
Physical. stimulants (e.g. cold pressure, solar, cholinergic and aquagenic)

34
Q

Dermographism is seen in urticaria. T/F?

A

True

35
Q

What are the causes of erythroderma?

A

Psoriasis
Eczema
Drug reaction
Cutaneous lymphoma

36
Q

How is erythroderma treated?

A

Supportive treatments - fluid and temperature balance restored
Treatment of underlying skin disorder

37
Q

What drugs can cause maculopapular rashes?

A

Antibiotics

38
Q

What drugs can cause photosensitive rashes?

A

Diuretics

Antibiotics

39
Q

What drugs can cause severe idiosyncratic reactions?

A

Anti epileptics

Antibiotics

40
Q

What drugs can cause urticarial reactions?

A

Antibiotics
Opiates
NSAIDs
ACE inhibitors

Dermatology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions